Discover 120+ Animals Beginning with P: Classified Lists with Pictures and Fun Fact

Most Popular Animal Start with P

The animal kingdom is full of amazing creatures, and it’s always exciting to explore them in unique ways. This time, let’s focus on animals whose names begin with the letter ‘P.’ From the graceful peacock to the fierce panther and the quirky pufferfish, this list is packed with incredible examples of nature’s diversity. Perfect for secondary school students looking to learn, play, or just satisfy their curiosity, here are 30+ popular animals starting with ‘P’ to inspire and expand your knowledge!

Pirarucu	Penguin	Panda
Panther	Puma	Peacock
Python	Puffin	Piranha
Porcupine	Prairie Dog	Pademelon
Pelican	Perch Fish	Painted Turtle
Pika	Praying Mantis	Pronghorn
Pike Fish	Pigeon	Patridge
Pink Fairy Armadillo	Platypus	Puku
Polar Bear	Pea Buffer	Pangolin
Proboscis Monkey	Prawn	Pollan

1. Pirarucu

The Pirarucu (Arapaima gigas) is one of the largest freshwater fish species in the world, native to the Amazon Basin in South America. Pirarucus has a distinctive and impressive appearance, with elongated, torpedo-shaped bodies covered in large, thick scales. They have a reddish-brown or greenish-brown coloration on their backs, fading to lighter shades on their sides and belly.

Pirarucus are renowned for their massive size, with adults capable of reaching lengths exceeding 10 feet (3 meters) and weights of over 400 pounds (180 kilograms). They are one of the largest freshwater fish species in the world, surpassed only by the Beluga Sturgeon and the Giant Freshwater Stingray.

Fun Fact: One of the unique features of the Pirarucu is its ability to breathe air using a specialized organ called a labyrinth organ.

2. Penguin

Penguins, members of the family Spheniscidae, are iconic flightless seabirds native to the Southern Hemisphere, predominantly Antarctica. These birds vary in size, standing between 1.1 ft and 4 ft (0.3–1.2 m) tall and weighing from 2.2 lbs to 88 lbs (1–40 kg), depending on the species. Their habitats span icy coasts, temperate waters, and even tropical regions for some species. Penguins are characterized by their tuxedo-like black-and-white plumage, streamlined bodies, and flipper-like wings adapted for swimming.

Their diet primarily includes fish, krill, and squid, which they skillfully hunt through expert diving. Penguins are known for their social nature, spending time grooming, swimming, and interacting in colonies. They breed on land, creating nests or burrows where both parents take turns incubating eggs and caring for their chicks.

Fun Fact: A group of penguins on land is called a “waddle,” but in water, they are referred to as a “raft.”

3. Panda

The giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca), a member of the family Ursidae, is an extraordinary bear species native to China. These mammals stand 2.5–3 feet (0.76–0.91 m) tall at the shoulder, measure 4–6 feet (1.2–1.8 m) in length, and weigh between 150–300 pounds (68–136 kg). They inhabit cool, damp mountain ranges with temperate bamboo forests, their ideal environment.

Renowned for their distinctive black-and-white fur, round faces, and robust builds, giant pandas primarily consume bamboo, occasionally supplementing their diet with small mammals or carrion. Solitary by nature, they spend much of their time feeding or resting. During the breeding season, mothers nurture their cubs in dens, nursing them until the young are agile enough to climb.

Fun Fact: Although classified as carnivores, pandas rely on bamboo for 99% of their diet!

4. Panther

Panthers, scientifically known as Panthera, refer to a group of big cats that include leopards (Panthera pardus) and jaguars (Panthera onca) with melanistic (black) coats. These majestic animals belong to the family Felidae. Panthers range in size, typically measuring 4.5 to 6.5 feet (1.4–2 m) in length, excluding their 2- to 3-foot (0.6–0.9 m) tails, and weigh between 60 to 200 pounds (27–91 kg), depending on the species.

Panthers inhabit diverse environments such as rainforests, swamps, and grasslands, often thriving in warm, tropical climates. Their sleek, black fur and muscular build provide exceptional camouflage for stalking prey. These carnivores hunt deer, wild boar, and smaller animals, often ambushing their prey at night. Solitary by nature, panthers mark large territories and are known for their adaptability.

Fun Fact: The faint rosettes (spots) of leopards or jaguars can often be seen on their black coats under certain lighting!

5. Puma

The puma (Puma concolor), also known as the mountain lion or cougar, is a highly adaptable predator native to the Americas. Sleek and muscular, adult pumas measure 3.25–5.25 ft (1–1.6 m) long, with a 2–3 ft (0.6–1 m) tail, and weigh between 64–220 lb (29–100 kg). Their short, tan coat provides excellent camouflage in rocky terrains and forested habitats. These solitary animals thrive in diverse environments, from mountains and forests to deserts and grasslands, in both temperate and tropical climates. Pumas are carnivorous, primarily hunting deer, but they also prey on smaller animals. Most active during dawn and dusk, they use exceptional stealth to stalk and ambush their prey.

Females raise litters of 2–4 cubs, teaching them vital survival skills before they become independent. Known for their agility, pumas are outstanding climbers and can leap up to 18 feet vertically to escape predators or catch prey. This versatility makes them one of the most efficient and elusive predators in their range.

Fun Fact: Interestingly, pumas can leap as far as 6 meters in one bound!

6. Peacock

The pelican (Pelecanus onocrotalus) is a striking aquatic bird known for its long beak and expandable throat pouch. Adults are sizeable, measuring 4.6–5.3 ft (1.4–1.6 m) in length, with an impressive wingspan reaching up to 11 ft (3.4 m) and a weight of 11–33 lb (5–15 kg). Their predominantly white plumage is highlighted by black wing tips.

Pelicans inhabit freshwater lakes, marshes, and coastal areas in warm climates, often migrating in search of food or breeding grounds. Expert fishers, they use their pouches to scoop up fish, draining the water before swallowing their catch. Social by nature, pelicans live in large colonies, where they construct nests on the ground or in trees. Both parents share responsibilities, taking turns incubating the eggs and feeding the chicks with regurgitated fish, ensuring the young’s survival in their communal lifestyle.

Fun Fact: Peacocks can emit a resonant, trumpet-like call that echoes over great distances!

7. Python

The Burmese python (Python bivittatus) ranks among the largest snake species in the world, frequently reaching lengths of 16–23 ft (4.9–7 m) and weighing up to 200 lb (90 kg). Its scales, patterned with earthy brown and gold hues, provide excellent camouflage in swampy or forested environments.

Native to Southeast Asia, these nonvenomous snakes thrive in tropical and subtropical habitats such as wetlands and grasslands. Carnivorous by nature, they prey on mammals, birds, and reptiles, using powerful constriction to subdue their victims.

Primarily nocturnal, Burmese pythons rely on camouflage to ambush prey. They are oviparous, with females laying 20–100 eggs, which they coil around to maintain warmth and protect until the hatchlings emerge. This combination of size, stealth, and reproductive capability underscores their adaptability and dominance in their ecosystem.

Fun Fact: Pythons can go months without food after a large meal!

8. Puffin

With their colorful beaks and charming waddles, puffins are distinctive seabirds beloved for their unique look. Standing 10–12 inches (25–30 cm) tall with a wingspan of 20–24 inches (50–60 cm), they weigh about 1 pound (0.5 kg). Puffins inhabit the rugged coasts and islands of the North Atlantic, thriving in cold oceanic climates.

These birds have black and white plumage, webbed feet for swimming, and brightly colored bills during the breeding season. Puffins “fly” underwater using their wings to catch small fish such as sand eels and herring. They nest in burrows dug into cliffs or grassy areas, laying a single egg. Both parents share the duties of incubating the egg and feeding the chick, ensuring its survival in their challenging environment.

Fun Fact: Puffins can hold several small fish in their beaks at once, thanks to their specialized tongue and jaw structure.

9. Piranha

Piranhas, such as the Red-Bellied Piranha (Pygocentrus nattereri), belong to the Serrasalmidae family and are native to tropical freshwater rivers and lakes in South America, including the Amazon, Orinoco, and Paraná basins. They thrive in warm ecosystems, measuring 5–15 inches (12–38 cm) and weighing 2–7 pounds (1–3 kg), with lifespans of 10–15 years.

These stocky fish have sharp, triangular teeth and silvery bodies, often accented with red or orange. Opportunistic feeders, piranhas eat fish, insects, crustaceans, fruits, and carrion, occasionally hunting in schools for protection rather than cooperation. “Feeding frenzies” are rare, typically occurring in extreme conditions. During the rainy season, females lay eggs in shallow nests, guarded by both parents until the fry swim independently.

Fun Fact: Despite their fearsome reputation, piranhas are primarily scavengers, and indigenous Amazonian tribes regularly swim in piranha-inhabited waters without incident!

10. Porcupine

Porcupines, renowned for their sharp, protective quills, are nocturnal rodents inhabiting forests, grasslands, and deserts across North and South America. They measure 24–36 inches (60–90 cm) in length, weigh 12–35 pounds (5.5–16 kg), and boast over 30,000 quills that detach easily to fend off predators. Their coarse fur, usually brown or black, offers effective camouflage in their environments.

As herbivores, porcupines feed on leaves, bark, and fruits, often climbing trees to forage. Solitary creatures, they take refuge in dens or tree hollows. Porcupines reproduce annually, with females undergoing a seven-month gestation before giving birth to a single precocial offspring, capable of early independence.

Fun Fact: Contrary to myth, porcupines cannot shoot their quills, but the quills have barbs that make them difficult to remove.

11. Prairie Dog

Prairie dogs are burrowing rodents native to North America’s grasslands, celebrated for their intricate social structures and sophisticated vocalizations. Measuring 12–16 inches (30–40 cm) in length and weighing 1–3 pounds (0.5–1.4 kg), these small mammals have stout bodies covered in tan or brown fur. They form colonies called “towns,” featuring interconnected burrows with chambers for nesting and storage.

Herbivorous by nature, prairie dogs feed on grasses, seeds, and roots. Active during the day, they spend much of their time foraging and maintaining their burrows. Breeding occurs annually, with females giving birth to litters of 3–8 pups, which are nurtured and raised within the safety of the colony.

Fun Fact: Prairie dogs have a sophisticated language of chirps and barks, with specific calls to warn about different predators.

12. Pademelon

The pademelon, a small marsupial of the genus Thylogale, inhabits Australia, Tasmania, and New Guinea. These creatures are 1.6–2.3 feet (0.5–0.7 m) long, excluding their 1–1.6-foot (0.3–0.5 m) tails, and weigh 8.8–22 pounds (4–10 kg). They thrive in dense forests near grassy clearings, preferring cool, temperate, or tropical climates.

With compact bodies, soft brown-gray fur, and powerful hind legs adapted for hopping, pademelons are herbivores, feeding on grasses, leaves, and fruits. They are nocturnal, foraging at night and resting under vegetation during the day. Female pademelons carry their young, or joeys, in pouches until they are ready to venture out independently.

Fun Fact: Pademelons excel at moving through dense underbrush due to their agility and small size!

13. Pelican

Pelicans (Genus Pelecanus) are large, majestic birds from the Pelecanidae family, known for their impressive wingspans and unique fishing techniques. These birds range from 4–6 feet (1.2–1.8 meters) in length, with wingspans of up to 12 feet (3.6 meters) in species like the Dalmatian Pelican. Depending on the species, they weigh between 10–30 pounds (4.5–13.6 kilograms). Pelicans are found near lakes, rivers, estuaries, and coastal waters, thriving in temperate to tropical climates worldwide, except for polar regions.

Many species migrate to warmer areas during winter. Their plumage varies from white and gray to predominantly brown in species like the Brown Pelican. Their defining feature is their long beak and expandable throat pouch, which they use to scoop up fish and drain water before swallowing. Highly social birds, pelicans often gather in flocks or colonies. Brown Pelicans dive dramatically into the water to catch fish, while others work together to herd fish into shallow waters. During breeding, they nest in large colonies, with both parents sharing duties to incubate eggs and feed their chicks through regurgitated food. After 10–12 weeks, the chicks are ready to fledge. Pelicans’ graceful flight and unique behaviors make them a striking sight near water bodies.

Fun Fact: Pelicans have one of the largest wingspans among birds, which can reach up to 3.5 meters (11.5 feet), storing up to three gallons of water.

14. Perch Fish

Perch (Perca spp.), part of the Percidae family, includes species like the European Perch and Yellow Perch. Found in freshwater rivers, lakes, and reservoirs with clear, vegetation-rich waters, they inhabit temperate regions across Europe, Asia, and North America.

Measuring 6–16 inches (15–40 cm) and weighing 1–4 pounds (0.5–2 kg), perch have greenish-yellow bodies with dark vertical bars and red or orange pelvic and anal fins. They sport two dorsal fins, one spiny and one soft, and their sharp spines help deter predators. Carnivorous, they feed on smaller fish, crustaceans, insects, and zooplankton. Spawning occurs in spring as females lay gelatinous egg ribbons on submerged vegetation. The eggs hatch in 1–2 weeks, and larvae begin feeding on plankton before becoming carnivorous.

Fun Fact: Prized by anglers for their spirited fight, perch are a favorite in recreational fishing worldwide!

15. Painted Turtle

The painted turtle (Chrysemys picta) is the most widely distributed turtle species in North America. It measures 4–10 inches (10–25 cm) in length and weighs about 0.5–2 pounds (0.2–0.9 kg). Its smooth, dark shell is strikingly bordered with red and yellow markings. Found in freshwater habitats like ponds and marshes, it thrives in slow-moving waters rich in vegetation.

Painted turtles bask in the sun to regulate their body temperature and feed primarily on aquatic plants, insects, and small fish. Active during daylight, they alternate between swimming and basking. Females lay eggs in sandy or muddy nests, leaving them to incubate independently. Remarkably, the nest’s temperature during incubation determines the hatchlings’ sex.

Fun Fact: Painted turtles can endure months without oxygen by dramatically slowing their metabolism in icy water!

16. Pika

Pikas are small, herbivorous mammals related to rabbits, thriving in cold, rocky habitats such as mountainous regions and talus slopes. Measuring 6–8 inches (15–20 cm) in length and weighing 4–6 ounces (115–170 g), these compact animals have round bodies, large ears, and short limbs, allowing them to navigate crevices with ease.

They feed on grasses, flowers, and mosses, diligently collecting and storing dried vegetation in haypiles to survive harsh winters. Diurnal by nature, pikas are active during the day and use high-pitched calls to communicate and warn of predators. Breeding takes place in spring, with females giving birth to litters of 2–6 young, ensuring their population endures in their challenging environments.

Fun Fact: Painted turtles can endure months without oxygen by dramatically slowing their metabolism in icy water!

17. Praying Mantis

The praying mantis is a predatory insect recognized for its unique posture, with folded front legs resembling a prayer stance. These insects measure 2–6 inches (5–15 cm) in length and weigh around 0.25 ounces (7 g). They are found in diverse habitats, including forests, grasslands, and gardens, thriving in both temperate and tropical climates.

Mantises vary in color from green to brown, blending seamlessly into their surroundings for camouflage. As carnivores, they rely on ambush tactics and lightning-fast reflexes to capture prey, ranging from insects to small vertebrates. Females lay eggs in foam-like cases that harden to protect them, and these hatch into nymphs, which resemble miniature versions of adult mantises.

Fun Fact: Praying mantises can rotate their heads nearly 180 degrees, an unusual ability among insects, aiding their predatory skills

18. Pronghorn

The pronghorn, often called the “American antelope,” is a unique ungulate renowned for its speed and adaptability, native to the open plains, grasslands, and deserts of North America. Standing around 3 feet (0.9 m) tall at the shoulder, they measure 4.5–5 feet (1.4–1.5 m) in length and weigh 90–150 pounds (41–68 kg). Their tan and white bodies feature dark patches and distinctive forked horns, which are shed and regrown annually.

Herbivorous by nature, pronghorns graze on shrubs, grasses, and forbs. They are celebrated as North America’s fastest land animals, capable of reaching speeds up to 55 mph (88 km/h). Living in herds, they undertake seasonal migrations in search of food and suitable habitats. Females typically give birth to one or two fawns after a gestation period of about eight months, ensuring the continuation of their remarkable species.

Fun Fact: Pronghorns are the second-fastest land mammal, capable of reaching speeds of up to 55 miles per hour (88 kilometers per hour) over short distances.

19. Pike Fish

Pike (Esox spp.), including Northern Pike and Muskellunge, are predatory freshwater fish from the Esocidae family. Found in rivers, lakes, and marshes with dense vegetation, they thrive in temperate climates across North America, Europe, and Asia.

Northern Pike measure 16–50 inches (40–127 cm) and weigh 2–40 pounds (1–18 kg), with a long, torpedo-shaped body, greenish or grayish coloring, and lighter undersides. Their duck-bill-shaped snouts and sharp teeth make them formidable ambush predators, feeding on fish, amphibians, and even small mammals. Spawning occurs in spring when females scatter eggs over vegetation in shallow water. Eggs hatch in 7–16 days, and the fry are independent from birth.

Fun Fact: Known as “water wolves,” Pike are voracious hunters, capable of capturing prey nearly half their size with sudden, powerful lunges!

20. Pigeon

Highly adaptable and social, pigeons are among the world’s most widespread bird species. Medium-sized, they measure 11–15 inches (28–38 cm) in length, weigh 9–13 ounces (0.25–0.37 kg), and have a wingspan of 20–26 inches (50–66 cm). Found in urban areas, cliffs, and forests, pigeons thrive in diverse environments.

Their plumage varies from gray and white to iridescent green and purple hues on their necks. Feeding primarily on seeds, grains, and scraps, pigeons forage in flocks on the ground. Known for their strong homing instincts, they are celebrated for their exceptional navigation abilities. They build simple platform nests where females lay 1–2 eggs, and both parents share the responsibilities of incubation and raising their chicks.

Fun Fact: Pigeons have been used as messengers for centuries, delivering messages across vast distances due to their incredible homing ability.

21. Partridge

The partridge is a medium-sized, ground-dwelling bird native to the grasslands and farmlands of Europe and Asia. These birds are 12–14 inches (30–35 cm) long, weigh 14–17 ounces (400–500 g), and have a wingspan of 20–22 inches (50–56 cm). Their mottled brown, gray, and buff plumage provides excellent camouflage in their natural habitat.

Partridges are omnivorous, feeding on seeds, grains, and small invertebrates, which they forage by scratching the ground. Social by nature, they are often found in small groups called coveys and are known for their quick, low flight when startled. During the breeding season, females lay clutches of up to 20 eggs, which are incubated for about three weeks, ensuring the survival of their young in open landscapes.

Fun Fact: Partridges are famously associated with the song “The Twelve Days of Christmas”!

22. Pink Fairy Armadillo

The Pink Fairy Armadillo (Chlamyphorus truncatus) is the smallest armadillo species, belonging to the Chlamyphoridae family. It measures 3.5–4.5 inches long, with a 1-inch tail, and weighs 0.26–0.33 pounds. Found in central Argentina, it inhabits dry grasslands, sandy plains, and scrubby regions, thriving in arid to semi-arid climates.

This solitary, nocturnal animal has a pale pink shell, visible blood vessels, and soft white fur underneath. Adapted for burrowing, it uses strong claws and its compact shape to dig extensively. It primarily eats ants, termites, larvae, and plant material. Reproduction is viviparous, though details are limited. Females likely have one or two offspring annually, raising them in burrows until they become independent.

Fun Fact: The Pink Fairy Armadillo is nicknamed the “sand-swimmer” because it moves through loose soil as easily as a fish swims through water

23. Platypus

The platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus), a member of the family Ornithorhynchidae, is a fascinating monotreme native to eastern Australia and Tasmania. Measuring 15 to 24 inches (38–61 cm) in length and weighing 2 to 5 pounds (0.9–2.3 kg), this unique animal thrives in freshwater rivers and streams, preferring temperate climates.

The platypus has a distinctive appearance with a duck-like bill, webbed feet, and a flat tail, covered in dense, waterproof fur. It feeds on aquatic insects, larvae, worms, and small crustaceans by foraging along riverbeds. Primarily nocturnal, it spends much of its day resting in burrows near water. Platypuses are egg-laying mammals, with females incubating eggs in their burrows and nursing hatchlings through specialized milk patches.

Fun Fact: Male platypuses possess venomous spurs on their hind legs, making them one of the few venomous mammals!

24. Puku

The Puku (Kobus vardonii), part of the Bovidae family, is a medium-sized antelope native to southern Africa, found in Zambia, Angola, Tanzania, and parts of the Democratic Republic of Congo. It inhabits floodplains, wetlands, and grasslands near water in tropical and subtropical climates.

Standing 31–35 inches (80–90 cm) tall and weighing 150–200 pounds (68–91 kg), Pukus have tawny to reddish-brown coats, pale underbellies, and white facial markings. Males are larger and possess 19–20 inch (48–50 cm) lyre-shaped horns. They graze on grasses and reeds near water, feeding in the early morning and late afternoon. Pukus form small herds of 5–15, led by a dominant male, with larger groups gathering in the dry season. After an 8-month gestation, females give birth to a single calf, which hides in vegetation until strong enough to join the herd.

Fun Fact: Pukus are skilled swimmers, often crossing rivers to evade predators or find new grazing areas!

25. Polar Bear

The polar bear, Ursus maritimus, thrives in Arctic sea ice habitats where freezing temperatures dominate. Adults can reach lengths of 7.25–8 ft (2.2–2.5 m) and weigh between 900–1,600 lb (410–720 kg). Covered in dense, white fur with black skin underneath, these bears are adapted to extreme cold, with large paws aiding swimming. Carnivorous in nature, their diet primarily consists of seals, which they hunt by waiting near breathing holes in the ice.

They exhibit solitary behavior, except during mating or when a mother nurtures cubs. Females dig dens in the snow to give birth and care for their young during winter. One intriguing fact: their fur isn’t actually white but transparent, reflecting light to appear snowy white.

Fun Fact: Beneath their fur, polar bears have black skin that helps them absorb heat from the sun!

26. Pea Puffer

The Pea Puffer (Carinotetraodon travancoricus), also known as the Dwarf Pufferfish, is one of the smallest pufferfish species, reaching just 1 inch (2.5 cm) in length. Native to the Western Ghats in southwestern India, it thrives in slow-moving tropical freshwater environments with dense vegetation and temperatures of 72–82°F (22–28°C).

With a vibrant greenish-yellow body and dark spots, this tiny fish has large, expressive eyes and sharp, beak-like teeth for cracking shells. Carnivorous, it feeds on small invertebrates like mosquito larvae and snails, often helping control pest populations in aquariums. Territorial and sometimes aggressive, Pea Puffers are best kept in species-specific tanks. During breeding, males guard eggs laid on plants or substrate, with hatchlings emerging in 3–5 days.

Fun Fact: Despite their size, Pea Puffers are full of personality, often recognizing their owners and interacting with curiosity!

27. Pangolin

Pangolins, often referred to as “scaly anteaters,” are distinctive mammals clad in protective keratin scales. These solitary, nocturnal animals measure 12–39 inches (30–100 cm) in length, with tails extending up to 28 inches (70 cm), and weigh between 4–72 pounds (2–33 kg). Found in Africa and Asia, they inhabit forests, grasslands, and savannas.

Using long, sticky tongues, pangolins feed on ants and termites, breaking into nests with their strong claws. Their scales serve as a formidable defense, allowing them to curl into a tight ball when threatened. Breeding is infrequent, with females typically giving birth to one offspring per litter, which often rides on the mother’s tail for protection.

Fun Fact: Pangolins are the only mammals fully covered in scales!

28. Proboscis Monkey

The proboscis monkey (Nasalis larvatus), part of the family Cercopithecidae, is an extraordinary primate native to the mangrove forests and swamps of Borneo. These monkeys measure 1.8 to 2.5 feet (55–76 cm) in body length, with tails nearly as long, and weigh between 15 to 45 pounds (7–20 kg), with males being significantly larger than females.

Known for their unique, large, pendulous noses, reddish-brown fur, and webbed feet, proboscis monkeys are excellent swimmers and often leap into rivers to escape predators. They are herbivorous, feeding on leaves, fruits, and seeds, and they live in social groups called harems or bands. Daily activities include foraging, resting, and grooming, with males leading the groups.

Fun Fact: Proboscis monkeys are exceptional swimmers, often diving into water and even outpacing crocodiles!

29. Prawn

Prawns are fascinating sea creatures that live in warm waters like estuaries and mangrove swamps. A well-known type is the Giant Tiger Prawn (Penaeus monodon), which can grow up to 33 cm (13 inches) and weigh as much as 320 grams (0.7 lbs). Prawns are usually green, brown, or gray with stripes or spots. They are omnivores, eating small fish, insects, and plankton.

Prawns use their long antennae and legs to swim and find food. Though mostly solitary, they gather in groups when it’s time to lay eggs. Female prawns can produce hundreds of thousands of eggs! Prawns are not just important in nature but are also a favorite food for people worldwide. Remember, some prawn species are endangered due to overfishing, so protecting their habitats is crucial!

Fun Fact: There are over 300 different species of prawns found worldwide, inhabiting both freshwater and saltwater environments.

30. Pollan

The Pollan (Coregonus pollan) is a freshwater fish species belonging to the Coregonus genus. Pollan is found in deep, cold, and well-oxygenated freshwater lakes. They prefer open water habitats and are known to form large schools. The Pollan has a slender body with silvery scales and a streamlined shape. It has a forked tail and small, pointed fins. The coloration can vary, but it is generally silver with a blue-green or brownish hue on the back. Pollan typically reaches about 20 to 30 centimeters (8 to 12 inches), although some individuals can grow larger.

Fun Fact: Pollan are primarily planktivorous, meaning they feed on small aquatic organisms such as zooplankton and phytoplankton.

Now that we’ve explored some of the most popular animals starting with the letter P, let’s dive deeper into a specific category: mammals—warm-blooded creatures that captivate us with their diversity and unique characteristics.

Mammals that start with P

Here is a list of fascinating mammals that start with the letter P, each showcasing unique traits and characteristics that make them stand out in the animal kingdom.

Pizzly Bear	Peccary	Possum	Pine Marten
Palm Rat	Polecat	Patas Monkey	Pygmy Marmoset
Pronghorn Antelope	Patagonian Mara	Patagonian Cavy	Plains Zebra
Pygmy Hippopotamus	Pig-Nosed Turtle	Potoroo	Pied Tamarin

31. Pizzly Bear

The Pizzly Bear, or Grolar Bear (Ursus arctos x Ursus maritimus), belongs to the Ursidae family. It measures 6–8 feet in length and typically weighs 700–1,000 pounds. Found in northern Canada and Alaska, it inhabits tundra and coastal areas where polar and grizzly bear habitats overlap, thriving in cold to temperate climates.

This hybrid is larger than a grizzly but smaller than a polar bear, with a light tan or off-white coat and features blending its parent species. Its omnivorous diet includes seals, fish, berries, vegetation, and carrion. An opportunistic feeder, it is active during the day and generally solitary except for mating. Hybrids result from polar and grizzly bear crossbreeding, often due to climate-driven range overlap. These hybrids are fertile and can reproduce with either parent species or other hybrids. Females provide extensive care to cubs for 2–3 years, similar to other bears.

Fun Fact: They are capable of hunting seals like Polar Bears and foraging for berries, roots, and other vegetation like Grizzly Bears.

32. Peccary

The peccary, belonging to the family Tayassuidae, is frequently mistaken for a pig but is a distinct species. The collared peccary (Pecari tajacu), a common variety, measures 3–4 ft (0.9–1.2 m) in length and weighs between 44–88 lb (20–40 kg). Its bristly gray to brown fur, accentuated by a white “collar” around the neck, differentiates it from other animals.

Peccaries thrive in various habitats, including forests, scrublands, and deserts, extending from the southwestern United States to South America. As omnivores, their diet includes roots, fruits, insects, and small animals, with sharp canine teeth aiding in digging and defense.

These social animals form herds of 6–20 members, relying on scent glands and vocalizations for communication. Females typically bear 1–3 offspring after a five-month gestation, and the young are raised within the herd, ensuring their safety and development.

Fun Fact: They are capable of hunting seals like Polar Bears and foraging for berries, roots, and other vegetation like Grizzly Bears.

33. Possum

Possums are nocturnal marsupials native to the Americas, thriving in forests, urban areas, and farmland. They measure 12–20 inches (30–50 cm) in body length, with prehensile tails up to 20 inches (50 cm), and weigh 4–14 pounds (2–6.5 kg). Their grayish fur, pointed snouts, and long tails make them well-suited for climbing and foraging.

Omnivorous by nature, possums consume fruits, insects, small vertebrates, and carrion. Known for their unique defense mechanism, they “play dead” and emit foul odors to discourage predators. Possums reproduce twice annually, with females carrying their underdeveloped young in a pouch until they are mature enough to emerge and explore.

Fun Fact: Possums have remarkable immune systems and are resistant to many snake venoms.

34. Pine Marten

The pine marten is a small, agile mammal native to Europe’s woodlands, particularly coniferous and mixed forests. These mammals measure 18–24 inches (46–61 cm) long, with a bushy tail adding 9–12 inches (23–30 cm), and typically weigh 1–3 pounds (0.5–1.5 kg). They are known for their sleek brown fur, a creamy-yellow throat patch, and sharp claws that make them excellent climbers.

Omnivorous in diet, pine martens consume small mammals, birds, insects, fruits, and berries. They are solitary and territorial, most active during dusk and dawn as they forage and patrol their ranges. Females give birth to litters of 1–5 kits in dens, which are often situated in tree hollows, ensuring safety and warmth for the young.

Fun Fact: Pine martens play an important ecological role by controlling rodent populations and helping disperse tree seeds through their diet.

35. Palm Rat

The Palm Rat (Rattus rattus), also called the Roof Rat or Black Rat, is a member of the Muridae family, the largest rodent family. Found worldwide, especially in warm coastal regions, it thrives in elevated spaces like trees, rooftops, and attics.

Measuring 6–8 inches (15–20 cm) in body length with a longer 7–10 inch (18–25 cm) tail, it weighs 4–12 ounces (120–340 g). Palm Rats have sleek black or dark brown fur, pointed snouts, large ears, and are excellent climbers. Omnivorous and nocturnal, they feed on fruits, seeds, grains, insects, and human food scraps. Breeding year-round, females produce 5–10 pups per litter after a 21–23 day gestation. Mothers care for the pups until independence at about 3 weeks.

Fun Fact: Palm Rats are highly agile and use their tails for balance, enabling them to scale trees and buildings with ease!

36. Polecat

The polecat, also called the European or common polecat, is a small carnivorous mammal found in forests, grasslands, and wetlands throughout Europe. Measuring 14–18 inches (35–45 cm) in body length, with a tail of 4–8 inches (10–20 cm), these agile animals weigh 1.5–3 pounds (0.7–1.4 kg). They are characterized by dark brown fur, lighter facial markings, and a distinctive musky odor used for territorial marking.

Polecats have a diverse diet, feeding on small mammals, birds, amphibians, and eggs. Nocturnal and solitary, they take shelter in burrows or hollow logs during the day. Breeding occurs in spring, with females giving birth to litters of 5–10 kits, which are raised in secure, hidden dens.

Fun Fact: Polecats have a playful nature and are known to engage in “polecat war dances,” where they arch their backs, puff out their fur, and perform erratic movements as a form of social interaction or during courtship displays.

37. Patas Monkey

The Plains Zebra (Equus quagga), part of the Equidae family, is a herbivorous mammal native to sub-Saharan Africa, especially in East and southern regions. Standing 4–5 feet (1.2–1.5 meters) at the shoulder and weighing 440–990 pounds (200–450 kg), it thrives in grasslands, savannas, and woodlands.

Its iconic black-and-white stripes are unique to each individual and serve as camouflage and thermoregulation. Zebras are highly migratory, traveling in search of water and grazing during dry seasons. They graze primarily on grasses and live in herds, often forming larger groups during migrations. Plains Zebras give birth to a single foal after a 12–13 month gestation. Foals can stand and run within an hour, staying close to their mothers for protection.

Fun Fact: Plains Zebras use a variety of vocalizations, including barks, huffs, and high-pitched squeals, to communicate and warn each other of danger!

38. Pygmy Marmoset

The Pygmy Marmoset (Cebuella pygmaea), also known as the Pocket Monkey or Dwarf Monkey, is the world’s smallest monkey, native to the western Amazon Basin in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia. It inhabits tropical rainforests, particularly the understory near riverbanks, thriving in warm, humid climates.

Measuring 4.6–6.2 inches (12–16 cm) with a 6.8–9 inch (17–23 cm) tail, it weighs only 3.5–5 ounces (100–140 g). Covered in brown, golden, or orange fur, it has sharp claws for climbing and can rotate its head 180 degrees to detect predators. Pygmy Marmosets feed on tree sap, gnawing bark with specialized teeth, and also eat fruits, insects, and nectar. Living in family groups of 2–9, they typically give birth to twins after a 4.5-month gestation, with all group members helping to care for the young.

Fun Fact: Pygmy Marmosets are so small they’re nicknamed “finger monkeys” because they can cling to a human finger!

39. Pronghorn Antelope

The Pronghorn Antelope (Antilocapra americana), the sole member of the Antilocapridae family, stands 3–3.5 feet (91–106 cm) tall at the shoulder, measures 4.3–4.9 feet (130–150 cm) in length, and weighs 90–150 pounds (41–68 kg). Native to western and central North America, its range spans from southern Canada to northern Mexico, inhabiting grasslands, deserts, and shrublands in temperate, dry landscapes. Some populations migrate up to 150 miles seasonally.

This medium-sized ungulate features tan to reddish-brown fur, white underparts, a white rump patch, and dark facial markings. Both sexes possess forked horns, with males’ horns larger and shed annually. Pronghorns are herbivorous, browsing on grasses, sagebrush, forbs, and cacti, adapting their diet seasonally. Diurnal and social, they form herds, with males becoming territorial during the breeding season. Viviparous pronghorns mate in late summer or early fall. After a seven-month gestation, females give birth to 1–2 fawns in spring, hiding them in tall grass for safety. Mothers nurse and fiercely protect their young for the first few months.

Fun Fact: Pronghorns, second-fastest land animals, reach 60 mph, easily outrunning most North American predators.

40. Patagonian Mar

The Patagonian Mara (Dolichotis patagonum), part of the Caviidae family, is a rodent native to Argentina’s grasslands, shrublands, and steppes. It thrives in semi-arid climates and doesn’t migrate. These medium-sized rodents measure 27–30 inches (69–75 cm) long, weigh 18–35 pounds (8–16 kg), and stand about 18 inches (45 cm) tall at the shoulder. Their unique appearance combines features of a small deer and rabbit, with tan to grayish-brown fur, white underparts, and a black rump patch.

Long ears and powerful hind legs allow them to hop like a hare and run up to 35 mph (56 km/h). Patagonian Maras are herbivores, grazing on grasses and leaves during the day. They live in monogamous pairs, raise 1–3 young in shared burrows, and both parents care for their offspring.

Fun Fact: The Patagonian Mara can sprint up to 35 mph (56 km/h), making it one of the fastest rodents in the world!

41. Plains Zebra

The Pied Crow (Corvus albus), a member of the Corvidae family, is a medium-sized bird native to sub-Saharan Africa and Madagascar. Measuring 18–20 inches (45–50 cm) with a 31–33 inch (80–85 cm) wingspan, it weighs 1–1.3 pounds (450–600 g).

It has striking black and white plumage, with a black head, wings, and tail, and white chest and shoulders. Pied Crows thrive in open habitats like savannas, farmland, and urban areas, feeding on insects, small animals, carrion, and even human food waste. They are opportunistic foragers, often seen scavenging in pairs or small groups.

These intelligent birds build large stick nests in trees or cliffs, laying 3–6 speckled eggs that hatch in about 18–20 days. Both parents care for chicks until they fledge at 45 days.

Fun Fact: The Patagonian Mara can sprint up to 35 mph (56 km/h), making it one of the fastest rodents in the world!

42. Pygmy Hippopotamus

The Pygmy Hippopotamus (Choeropsis liberiensis), part of the Hippopotamidae family, is native to West Africa, primarily in Liberia, with smaller populations in Sierra Leone, Guinea, and Côte d’Ivoire. Preferring dense tropical forests and swamps, it thrives in warm, humid climates.

Smaller and sleeker than the common hippo, it stands 2.5–3.3 feet (75–100 cm) tall at the shoulder, measures 4.5–5.7 feet (1.4–1.7 meters) long, and weighs 400–600 pounds (180–270 kg). Its dark brown to blackish skin secretes a reddish fluid known as “blood sweat,” which protects against sun and infections. Nocturnal and solitary, pygmy hippos graze on leaves, roots, fruits, and aquatic vegetation at night. After a 6–7 month gestation, females give birth to a single calf, closely cared for until weaning at 6–8 months.

Fun Fact: Pygmy hippos can close their nostrils and ears underwater, aiding their excellent swimming skills!

43. Pig-Nosed Turtle

The Peringuey’s Adder (Bitis peringueyi), also called the Sidewinding Adder or Namib Dwarf Sand Adder, is a small viper native to the Namib Desert in Namibia and Angola. It thrives in hot, arid climates, inhabiting sand dunes and gravel plains where its sandy brown body with darker blotches provides excellent camouflage.

Measuring 7–10 inches (18–25 cm) and weighing under 1.5 ounces (42 g), this stout-bodied snake has eyes atop its flat head, enabling it to bury itself in sand for ambush hunting. It preys primarily on small lizards like geckos, striking from concealment with only its eyes and snout visible. Active during cooler crepuscular and nocturnal hours, this ovoviviparous species gives birth to 4–10 live young that are independent from birth.

Fun Fact: Peringuey’s Adder’s unique sidewinding motion allows it to glide across loose sand without sinking!

44. Potoroo

The Potoroo (Potorous spp.), part of the Potoroidae family, is a small marsupial native to Australia, found in southeastern regions, Tasmania, and parts of Western Australia. It inhabits dense forests, heathlands, and shrublands in temperate climates.

Measuring 11–16 inches (28–40 cm) with an additional 6–10 inches (15–25 cm) for the tail, Potoroos weigh 1.5–4 pounds (0.7–1.8 kg). These nocturnal animals resemble small kangaroos, with soft gray-brown fur, pointed snouts, and rounded ears. They hop on hind legs but also forage on all fours, feeding on fungi, roots, seeds, and insects. Potoroos give birth year-round to a single joey, which stays in the pouch for 4 months and is weaned by 6–7 months. Mothers provide dedicated care until independence.

Fun Fact: Known as “nature’s gardeners,” Potoroos help aerate soil and spread beneficial fungi, supporting healthy ecosystems!

45. Pied Tamarin

The Pied Tamarin (Saguinus bicolor), part of the Callitrichidae family, is a small primate endemic to the Amazon rainforest near Manaus, Brazil. It thrives in warm, humid tropical rainforests and secondary forests. Measuring 8–12 inches (20–30 cm) in body length with a 13–16 inch (33–41 cm) tail, Pied Tamarins weigh 14–28 ounces (400–800 g). They have a striking black face with a short muzzle and prominent ears, contrasting sharply with their white body fur and brownish-gray hindquarters.

These diurnal primates live in social groups of 4–15, led by a dominant breeding pair. Omnivorous, they eat fruits, nectar, insects, bird eggs, and small lizards, using sharp claws and dexterous hands to forage. Females give birth year-round, often to twins, with all group members helping care for the young.

Fun Fact: Pied Tamarins use high-pitched, bird-like calls to communicate and warn their group of predators!

After exploring the intriguing mammals that start with ‘P’. Let’s dive into the fascinating world of reptiles with the same initial letter.

Reptiles thnat start with P

Explore a variety of reptiles that start with the letter P, from powerful predators to intriguing species, each offering a glimpse into the diverse world of these cold-blooded creatures.

Pit Viper	Puff Adder	Pygmy Rattlesnake	Pine Snake
Pied Ball Python	Prairie Rattlesnake	Pygmy python	Panda Pied Ball Python
Parrot Snake	Peringuey’s Adder	Paradise Flying Snake	Philippine Cobra
Plains Hognose Snake

46. Pit Viper

Pit Vipers are venomous snakes recognized for their heat-sensing pits between the eyes and nostrils, which help detect prey. These snakes vary in size, ranging from 2–12 feet (0.6–3.7 meters) in length and weighing 1–15 pounds (0.5–7 kg), depending on the species. They inhabit a wide range of environments, including forests, deserts, and grasslands, across the Americas and parts of Asia.

Distinguished by their triangular heads, long fangs, and often vivid scale patterns, pit vipers are ambush predators that primarily hunt rodents, birds, and small mammals. They subdue prey with a powerful venom delivered through a swift strike. Reproduction occurs via ovoviviparity, where females give birth to live young, a trait that enhances their adaptability in various habitats.

Fun Fact: Pit Vipers strike prey in under 0.1 seconds!

47. Puff Adder

The Puff Adder (Bitis arietans), part of the Viperidae family, is a venomous snake measuring 3–5 feet (0.9–1.5 meters) in length and weighing 6–13 pounds (2.7–5.9 kg). It inhabits savannas, grasslands, forests, and semi-deserts across sub-Saharan Africa and parts of the Arabian Peninsula, favoring warm climates while avoiding extreme deserts and rainforests.

This heavy-bodied snake has a yellowish, brown, or gray coloration with chevron patterns for camouflage. Its keeled scales add a rough texture, and it inflates its body and hisses loudly when threatened. As an ambush predator, it lies motionless before striking prey like small mammals, birds, frogs, and lizards with venomous fangs. Primarily nocturnal, the Puff Adder is solitary and territorial. It is ovoviviparous, producing 20–50 live young during the rainy season. No parental care is provided, as offspring are fully independent from birth.

Fun Fact: Puff Adders possess specialized pits on their faces called “heat-sensing pits” or “thermoreceptive pits.”

48. Pygmy Rattlesnake

The Pygmy Rattlesnake (Sistrurus miliarius), a member of the Viperidae family, measures 16–24 inches (40–61 cm) long and weighs 4–10 ounces (113–284 g). Native to the southeastern United States, including Florida, Georgia, and the Carolinas, it inhabits forests, swamps, prairies, and rocky areas in warm, humid climates. This species is non-migratory. Smaller than other rattlesnakes, it has a gray, brown, or reddish body with dark blotches and a reddish spine stripe. Its small rattle produces a faint buzzing sound. As an ambush predator, it strikes prey such as small mammals, frogs, lizards, and insects with venomous fangs.

Primarily crepuscular, it may also hunt at night and remains solitary, often hiding under leaf litter or logs. Ovoviviparous, it mates in spring and gives birth to 3–9 live young in late summer or early fall. The young are independent immediately after birth.

Fun Fact: The pygmy rattlesnake’s tiny rattle sounds like an insect buzz, often mistaken for a harmless bug.

49. Pine Snake

The Pine Snake (Pituophis melanoleucus), a member of the Colubridae family, measures 4–7 feet (1.2–2.1 meters) in length and weighs 4–9 pounds (1.8–4 kg). Found in the southeastern and eastern United States, including New Jersey, Florida, and Louisiana, it inhabits pine forests, sandy woodlands, and open fields in temperate climates. While non-migratory, it ranges widely in search of prey.

This large, heavy-bodied snake has a cream or light gray body with dark blotches for camouflage. It features a pointed snout for burrowing and produces a loud hissing sound when threatened. As a constrictor, it coils around prey, such as small mammals, birds, eggs, and reptiles, to subdue them. Diurnal by nature, it may become nocturnal in extreme heat. Solitary except during mating, it is oviparous, with females digging sandy nests to lay 3–24 eggs. Hatchlings emerge after 50–70 days and are independent from birth.

Fun Fact: Pine snakes hiss loudly, mimic rattlesnakes, and strike when cornered, showcasing impressive defenses to deter threats.

50. Pied Ball Python

The Pied Ball Python (Python regius), specifically the pied morph, is a small to medium-sized non-venomous snake in the Pythonidae family. It grows 3–5 feet (0.9–1.5 meters) long and weighs 3–5 pounds (1.4–2.3 kg). Originally from western and central Africa, it lives in grasslands, savannas, and forest edges, enjoying warm and humid climates.

What makes the pied morph special is its beautiful pattern—white patches of skin mixed with dark brown and gold markings. This python has smooth, shiny scales and a stocky build perfect for hunting. It uses heat-sensing pits to find prey, such as mice and rats, and catches them by gently constricting before swallowing them whole. These snakes are nocturnal and like to be on their own. Female pythons lay 3–11 eggs during the dry season and stay coiled around them to keep them warm for about 55–60 days. Once the babies hatch, they’re ready to take care of themselves from day one!

Fun Fact: Pied Ball Pythons are prized for their striking looks and calm temperament, making them popular among reptile enthusiasts.

51. Prairie Rattlesnake

The Prairie Rattlesnake (Crotalus viridis), part of the Viperidae family, is a medium to large venomous snake found in the western United States, southwestern Canada, and northern Mexico. These snakes measure 3–5 feet (0.9–1.5 meters) long and weigh 2–4 pounds (0.9–1.8 kg). They inhabit grasslands, prairies, rocky outcrops, and deserts, preferring arid climates. 

Their pale green, tan, or brown bodies feature dark blotches outlined in white, and they have heat-sensing pits near their eyes to detect prey. The rattle at the tail serves as a warning signal. As ambush predators, prairie rattlesnakes feed on small mammals, birds, and lizards. They are most active at dawn and dusk but may be nocturnal in hot weather. They give birth to 4–21 live young in late summer, with no parental care provided.

Fun Fact: Prairie rattlesnakes adjust their rattle’s speed to scare off predators and curious animals!

52. Pygmy python

The pygmy python (Antaresia perthensis) is the smallest python species in the world, measuring just 1.5–2 feet (0.45–0.61 meters) long and weighing 7–12 ounces (200–340 grams). In the wild, they live around 10–15 years, but with good care, they can live up to 20 years in captivity. These snakes are found in the arid and semi-arid regions of Western Australia, thriving in rocky outcrops, crevices, and spinifex grasslands. They prefer hot, dry climates and do not migrate. 

Their reddish-brown or orange-brown bodies, marked with dark spots, provide excellent camouflage. They also have heat-sensing pits along their lips to detect prey. Pygmy pythons are carnivores, feeding on small lizards, frogs, and occasionally tiny mammals. As ambush predators, they strike and constrict their prey before swallowing it whole. These snakes are solitary, coming together only during the mating season. Females lay 5–10 eggs in sheltered areas and coil around them for incubation, protecting them until they hatch.

Fun Fact: Although the pygmy python is tiny, its jaw is so flexible that it can eat prey almost as large as its head!

53. Panda Pied Ball Python

The Panda Pied Ball Python (Python regius), part of the Pythonidae family, is a selectively bred morph prized for its striking black-and-white coloration. Originating from West and Central Africa, wild ball pythons inhabit grasslands, savannas, and forest edges, but Panda Pieds are exclusively bred in captivity.

As adults, these non-venomous constrictors measure 3–5 feet (0.9–1.5 meters) and weigh 3–5 pounds (1.4–2.3 kg). Their contrasting black and white patterns, often resembling a panda bear, make them one of the most coveted morphs in the exotic pet trade. Nocturnal and solitary, they feed on small mammals like mice and rats by constriction. Females lay 3–11 eggs, which hatch after 55–60 days of incubation. Hatchlings are independent and ready to feed after their first shed.

Fun Fact: Panda Pieds’ dramatic coloration and rarity have made them highly desirable among reptile enthusiasts!

54. Parrot Snake

The Parrot Snake (Leptophis ahaetulla), part of the Colubridae family, is a slender, arboreal snake native to Central and South America, including Mexico, Brazil, and Colombia. It thrives in tropical forests, woodlands, and savannas, often near water.

Measuring 4–6.5 feet (1.2–2 meters) long and weighing less than 1 pound (0.5 kg), this vibrant green snake blends seamlessly with foliage, sometimes showing yellow or blue tinges. It has large, round eyes and excellent vision for spotting prey. Diurnal and solitary, the Parrot Snake preys on small reptiles, amphibians, and birds, using speed and agility for ambush. Females lay 5–12 eggs during rainy seasons in leaf litter or tree hollows. Hatchlings are fully independent upon emergence.

Fun Fact: Though harmless to humans, the Parrot Snake mimics venomous species by flattening its body and displaying an open-mouth threat posture when disturbed!

55. Peringuey’s Adder

The Peringuey’s Adder (Bitis peringueyi), also known as the Sidewinding Adder or Namib Dwarf Sand Adder, is a small viper native to the Namib Desert in Namibia and Angola. Thriving in hot, arid climates, it inhabits sand dunes and gravel plains, perfectly camouflaged with its sandy brown body and darker blotches.

Measuring 7–10 inches (18–25 cm) and weighing under 1.5 ounces (42 g), this stout-bodied snake has eyes on top of its flat head, allowing it to bury in sand for ambush hunting. It preys on small lizards, especially geckos, striking from a hidden position with only its eyes and snout exposed. Active during cooler crepuscular and nocturnal hours, this ovoviviparous snake gives birth to 4–10 live young, which are independent at birth.

Fun Fact: Peringuey’s Adder uses its unique sidewinding motion to move efficiently on loose sand, avoiding sinking in its desert habitat!

56. Paradise Flying Snake

The Paradise Flying Snake (Chrysopelea paradisi), part of the Colubridae family, is a slender arboreal snake native to Southeast Asia, including Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, and the Philippines. It thrives in tropical forests and woodlands, rarely descending to the ground except to hunt.

Measuring 2–4 feet (0.6–1.2 meters) long and weighing under 1 pound (0.5 kg), its striking black, green, and yellow scales often feature red or orange accents. A diurnal ambush predator, it feeds on lizards, frogs, birds, and rodents. Famed for its gliding, the Paradise Flying Snake flattens its body and undulates in the air, using its ribs to create a concave shape. It can glide over 30 feet (9 meters) between trees.

Fun Fact: Known as the “flying dragon” of Southeast Asia, the Paradise Flying Snake’s gliding ability makes it one of the most unique reptiles in the world!

57. Philippine Cobra

The Philippine Cobra (Naja philippinensis), part of the Elapidae family, is endemic to the Philippines, particularly on Luzon and nearby islands. Measuring 3.3–5 feet (1–1.5 meters) long and weighing 2–5 pounds (0.9–2.3 kg), it thrives in tropical lowland forests, grasslands, and near water sources like rivers and ponds.

Light to medium brown with lighter underparts, this cobra displays a hood when threatened and is capable of spitting venom up to 10 feet (3 meters) with remarkable accuracy. Its neurotoxic venom can paralyze prey, including small mammals, birds, and reptiles. Primarily nocturnal and solitary, Philippine Cobras lay clutches of 10–20 eggs during the wet season, with hatchlings fully venomous and independent from birth.

Fun Fact: The Philippine Cobra is one of the few cobras in the world that can spit venom, making it both a fascinating and formidable predator!

58. Plains Hognose Snake

The Plains Hognose Snake (Heterodon nasicus), part of the Colubridae family, is native to central North America, ranging from southern Canada to northern Mexico. It inhabits grasslands, sandy prairies, and arid regions, favoring temperate climates with loose soil for burrowing.

Measuring 15–30 inches (38–76 cm), this stout-bodied snake features keeled scales, a tan or gray body with dark blotches, and a distinctive upturned snout for digging. Non-constricting, it preys on toads, small mammals, reptiles, and insects, using mild venom delivered via rear fangs. Diurnal in cooler weather, it shifts to nocturnal activity in hotter months. Known for its dramatic defenses, it flattens its neck and hisses like a cobra or feigns death by flipping onto its back and emitting a foul smell.

Fun Fact: The Plains Hognose Snake’s theatrical defense tactics have earned it the nickname “drama queen” of the snake world!

After exploring the fascinating reptiles that start with P, let’s now take a look at some incredible bird species beginning with the same letter.

Birds that start with P

Explore a fascinating list of birds that begin with the letter ‘P’, showcasing unique species from around the world.

Pheasant	Pharaoh Eagle-Owl	Peregrine Falcon	Parakeet	Purple-Crowned Fairywren
Purple Grenadier	Pileated Woodpecker	Potoo	Pink-Necked Green Pigeon	Pied Crow
Pied-Billed Grebe	Puna Ibis	Pine Siskin	Purple Finch	Papuan Boobook
Pheasant-tailed Jacana	Pied Avocet	Purple Gallinule	Parrotlet	Painted Bunting
Prairie Chicken

59. Pheasant

The peacock, Pavo cristatus, is renowned for its iridescent plumage and extravagant tail feathers adorned with vibrant eye-like patterns. Males, called peacocks, measure 3.3–4.9 ft (1–1.5 m) long, with tail feathers extending up to 5 ft (1.5 m), and weigh 8.8–13 lb (4–6 kg). Females, or peahens, are smaller and have muted coloration.

Native to the Indian subcontinent, peacocks inhabit forests, scrublands, and farmlands in tropical and subtropical climates. Omnivorous, they feed on seeds, fruits, insects, and small reptiles, foraging on the ground. Peacocks are social birds, often found in groups called parties, and are known for their courtship displays, where males fan their tail feathers and vibrate them to attract mates. Breeding involves ground-nesting, with peahens incubating 3–5 eggs.

60. Pharaoh Eagle-Owl

The Pharaoh Eagle-Owl (Bubo ascalaphus), part of the Strigidae family, is native to North Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, and parts of the Middle East. It inhabits deserts, rocky outcrops, and semi-arid regions, thriving in arid climates.

Measuring 18–22 inches (46–55 cm) long with a 4–5 foot (1.2–1.5 meter) wingspan, it weighs 3–4 pounds (1.3–1.8 kg). Its sandy plumage with dark streaks provides perfect camouflage in desert habitats, while its bright orange or yellow eyes and feather tufts resemble “ears.” Adapted for silent flight, it hunts small mammals, birds, reptiles, and insects at night using stealth and sharp talons. Breeding between February and April, the owl lays 2–4 eggs in rocky crevices or cliffs. Both parents care for chicks, which fledge in 6–8 weeks but stay dependent longer.

Fun Fact: The Pharaoh Eagle-Owl’s haunting hoot is steeped in folklore, symbolizing wisdom and spiritual connections in Middle Eastern and North African cultures!

61. Peregrine Falcon

Renowned for its extraordinary speed, the peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus) is a true aerial master. Measuring 13–23 inches (33–58 cm) in length, with a wingspan of 2.4–4 feet (0.7–1.2 m), and weighing 1.5–3.5 pounds (0.7–1.6 kg), this bird of prey is both agile and striking. Found across the globe, from tundras to deserts, it adapts to diverse habitats, including urban areas.

The peregrine falcon’s dark gray-blue plumage, barred white underside, and distinct black “helmet” enhance its formidable appearance. Its diet mainly consists of medium-sized birds, which it captures through a breathtaking dive, reaching speeds over 240 mph (386 km/h). Monogamous by nature, peregrine falcons nest on cliff edges or tall buildings, with both parents diligently sharing the responsibilities of incubation and chick-rearing.

Fun Fact: During its hunting stoop (dive), it can reach over 240 miles (386 kilometers per hour), making it the fastest creature in level flight.

62. Parakeet

Parakeets, often called budgerigars or budgies, are small, energetic parrots admired for their vibrant plumage and playful demeanor. Measuring 7–8 inches (18–20 cm) long and weighing 1–1.4 ounces (30–40 g), they are native to Australia’s open woodlands and grasslands. Their natural coloration is bright green with black barring, though captive-bred varieties showcase an array of colors, including blue and yellow.

These birds primarily feed on seeds and grasses, using their strong beaks to crack tough shells. Highly social and vocal, parakeets thrive in flocks, engaging in constant activity and chatter. As cavity nesters, they lay their eggs in tree holes, with the female solely handling incubation, showcasing their unique nesting habits.

Fun Fact: Some species of parakeets, such as the budgerigar, can mimic human speech and other sounds. 

63. Purple-Crowned Fairywren

The Purple-Crowned Fairywren (Malurus coronatus), part of the Maluridae family, is endemic to northern Australia, particularly the Kimberley region and the Top End. It inhabits dense riparian vegetation, often near pandanus trees, in tropical climates with access to water.

Measuring 4.3–5 inches (11–13 cm) and weighing 0.3–0.4 ounces (8–12 g), males in breeding plumage display a striking purple crown with a black mask and nape, while females and non-breeding males are brownish with blue tails. Omnivorous, they forage for insects, spiders, seeds, and fruits in shrubs and grasses. Highly social, these diurnal birds live in cooperative family groups with a dominant breeding pair and helpers. During the wet season (November to April), females lay 2–4 eggs in dome-shaped nests, with all group members feeding chicks that fledge in 10–12 days.

Fun Fact: The Purple-Crowned Fairywren exemplifies cooperative breeding, with helpers raising offspring alongside the dominant pair!

64. Purple Grenadier

The Purple Grenadier (Uraeginthus ianthinogaster), part of the Estrildidae family, is a small, seed-eating bird native to East Africa, including Kenya, Somalia, Ethiopia, Uganda, and Tanzania. It inhabits savannas, dry grasslands, and scrublands, thriving in warm, semi-arid climates. Measuring 5–5.5 inches (12–14 cm) and weighing 0.4–0.6 ounces (11–17 g), males boast a vibrant violet-blue body, orange face, and chestnut back, while females are primarily brown with subtle blue accents. 

Granivorous, they forage on grass seeds, millet, and grains, supplementing their diet with insects during breeding. These diurnal birds are typically found in pairs or small family groups, constructing grassy nests in shrubs or low trees during the rainy season. Females lay 4–6 white eggs, incubated for 11–13 days, with both parents feeding chicks that fledge in 18–21 days.

Fun Fact: Male Purple Grenadiers serenade potential mates with soft, melodic songs and courtship dances!

65. Pileated Woodpecker

The pileated woodpecker is a striking bird known for its black body, white wing stripes, and vibrant red crest. Measuring 16–19 inches (40–49 cm) in length with a wingspan of 26–30 inches (66–75 cm), it is among the largest woodpeckers in North America. This species inhabits mature forests and wooded areas, favoring deciduous and mixed forests for nesting and feeding.

Equipped with a strong beak, the pileated woodpecker excavates rectangular holes in trees to access ants, beetles, and other insects, which make up its primary diet. Monogamous by nature, it nests in cavities carved into dead or decaying trees. Females lay 3–5 eggs, and both parents participate in incubating the eggs and raising the chicks, ensuring their survival in forest habitats.

Fun Fact: The pileated woodpecker’s drumming is so loud it can be heard up to half a mile away, serving as a territorial signal.

66. Potoo

Potoos are cryptic, nocturnal birds native to Central and South America, renowned for their remarkable camouflage and haunting calls. Medium-sized, they measure 8–16 inches (20–40 cm) in length, weigh 2–12 ounces (60–340 g), and remain motionless during the day, blending perfectly with tree branches to avoid detection.

Inhabiting tropical forests and open woodlands, potoos feed primarily on flying insects like moths and beetles, capturing them mid-flight with their wide, gaping mouths. They lay a single egg on a branch or stump, relying entirely on their exceptional camouflage to protect it from predators. Equipped with large, sensitive eyes, potoos are highly effective nocturnal hunters, adapting perfectly to their dimly lit environments.

Fun Fact: Potoos have a haunting, mournful call that earned them nicknames like “ghost bird” or “poor-me-one.”

67. Pink-Necked Green Pigeon

The Pink-Necked Green Pigeon (Treron vernans), part of the Columbidae family, is a vibrant bird native to Southeast Asia, including Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, and the Philippines. It thrives in lowland forests, mangroves, gardens, and urban parks in warm, humid tropical climates.

Measuring 10–12 inches (25–30 cm) and weighing 3.5–5.5 ounces (100–160 g), males have a striking green body, pinkish-purple neck patch, and orange chest, while females are uniformly green for better camouflage. Frugivorous, they feed on fruits, berries, and figs, foraging in trees and occasionally on the ground. Active during the day, these social birds are found in pairs or small flocks. They nest year-round, building simple twig platforms in trees and laying 2 white eggs. Both parents incubate the eggs for 12–14 days and feed the chicks crop milk until they fledge.

Fun Fact: With its green plumage, the Pink-Necked Green Pigeon expertly camouflages in the canopy, rarely noticed in flight!

68. Pied Crow

The Pied Crow (Corvus albus), a member of the Corvidae family, is a medium-sized bird native to sub-Saharan Africa and Madagascar. Measuring 18–20 inches (45–50 cm) with a 31–33 inch (80–85 cm) wingspan, it weighs 1–1.3 pounds (450–600 g).

It has striking black and white plumage, with a black head, wings, and tail, and white chest and shoulders. Pied Crows thrive in open habitats like savannas, farmland, and urban areas, feeding on insects, small animals, carrion, and even human food waste. They are opportunistic foragers, often seen scavenging in pairs or small groups. These intelligent birds build large stick nests in trees or cliffs, laying 3–6 speckled eggs that hatch in about 18–20 days. Both parents care for chicks until they fledge at 45 days.

Fun Fact: Pied Crows are playful and often drop and catch objects mid-air just for fun!

69. Pied-Billed Grebe

The Pied-Billed Grebe (Podilymbus podiceps), a member of the Podicipedidae family, is a small, stocky waterbird found across North, Central, and parts of South America. Measuring 12–15 inches (30–38 cm) long with an 18–24 inch (46–61 cm) wingspan, it weighs 10–20 ounces (283–567 g).

This shy bird prefers freshwater wetlands, marshes, and ponds with dense vegetation. Its brown body, pale bill with a black band during breeding, and lobed toes make it well-adapted for swimming and diving. Carnivorous, it hunts small fish, insects, and amphibians underwater using its sharp bill. Pied-Billed Grebes build floating nests anchored to vegetation, laying 3–10 eggs that hatch after 23 days. Both parents care for chicks, which often ride on their backs for safety.

Fun Fact: Pied-Billed Grebes can quietly sink into the water, leaving only their heads visible, earning them the nickname “water witch”!

70. Puna Ibis

The Puna Ibis (Plegadis ridgwayi), part of the Threskiornithidae family, is native to South America, inhabiting high-altitude wetlands, marshes, and lakes in the Andean regions of Peru, Bolivia, Chile, and Argentina. It thrives at elevations over 3,000 meters (9,800 feet) in cool, wet environments.

Measuring 18–23 inches (46–58 cm) long with a 28–36 inch (71–91 cm) wingspan, it weighs 1–2 pounds (450–900 g). Its glossy dark plumage has iridescent green, bronze, or purple highlights, and it features a long, decurved bill for probing mud and water for insects, crustaceans, and plant material. These diurnal birds often feed and breed in small flocks. Nests are platform structures near water, where both parents incubate 2–4 eggs for 20–23 days and care for the chicks until fledging.

Fun fact: The Puna Ibis is uniquely adapted to extreme altitudes, sharing its Andean habitat with wildlife like flamingos and vicuñas!

71. Pine Siskin

The Pine Siskin (Spinus pinus) is a small songbird in the finch family. It measures 4.3–5.5 inches (11–14 cm) long, has a wingspan of 7.1–8.7 inches (18–22 cm), and weighs 0.42–0.63 ounces (12–18 g). Found in North America, it lives in forests, woodlands, and gardens. These birds migrate based on food availability, especially during winter.

Pine Siskins are slim with brown-streaked feathers and yellow highlights on their wings and tails. They use their sharp beaks to eat seeds from cones and plants. Their diet includes conifer seeds, dandelions, and insects during the breeding season. They forage in flocks, often in trees or on the ground. These birds are active during the day and very social, forming large flocks in winter. Females build hidden nests in trees and lay 3–5 speckled eggs, which hatch after 12–14 days. Both parents feed the chicks, which leave the nest about 15 days later.

Fun fact: Pine Siskins survive freezing temperatures by eating up to three times their body weight daily.

72. Purple Finch

The Purple Finch (Haemorhous purpureus) is a small songbird in the Fringillidae family, measuring 4.7–6.3 inches long with a wingspan of 8.7–10.2 inches. Males feature raspberry-red plumage, while females are brown with streaks. These birds thrive in forests, woodlands, and gardens in temperate climates, migrating south in colder months.

Their diet includes seeds, berries, buds, and insects, foraged in trees and shrubs. Active during the day, they often gather in small flocks outside the breeding season. Females build cup-shaped nests, lay 2–7 eggs, and, with males, care for chicks until they fledge in about two weeks.

Fun Fact: Purple Finches have been observed mimicking the songs of other bird species, including American Goldfinches and Eastern Towhees.

73. Papuan Boobook

The Papuan Boobook (Ninox theomacha), also called the Papuan Hawk-Owl, is a small owl endemic to Papua New Guinea and nearby islands. Part of the Strigidae family, it inhabits tropical forests, wooded areas, and forest edges in warm, humid climates.

Measuring 10–14 inches (25–35 cm) long with a 20–24 inch (50–60 cm) wingspan, it weighs 7–10 ounces (200–300 g). Its dark brown upperparts, white streaks, pale underparts, and large yellow or orange eyes aid in nighttime hunting. Nocturnal and solitary, the Papuan Boobook preys on insects, small mammals, birds, and reptiles. Nesting in tree hollows, females lay 2–3 eggs incubated for 28–30 days. Both parents care for the chicks until they fledge in 4–6 weeks.

Fun Fact: The Papuan Boobook’s hooting calls, often heard at night, have earned it the nickname “forest sentinel” in Papua New Guinea!

74. Pheasant-tailed Jacana

The Pheasant-tailed Jacana (Hydrophasianus chirurgus), part of the Jacanidae family, is a wading bird native to South and Southeast Asia, including India, China, Indonesia, and the Philippines. Found in freshwater wetlands, ponds, and lakes, it thrives in tropical and subtropical climates with abundant floating vegetation.

Measuring 12–15 inches (30–38 cm) in breeding plumage with long tail feathers, it has a striking golden-brown head and neck, bright yellow-green legs, and elongated toes that allow it to walk on water plants. Omnivorous, it feeds on insects, mollusks, seeds, and aquatic vegetation. During the monsoon breeding season, females lay 4–10 eggs in floating nests built by males, who incubate them for 22–24 days and care for the precocial chicks.

Fun Fact: The Pheasant-tailed Jacana displays rare role reversal, with males responsible for nesting and chick-rearing while females defend territories!

75. Pied Avocet

The Pied Avocet (Recurvirostra avosetta), part of the Recurvirostridae family, is a striking wading bird native to Europe, Asia, and Africa, thriving in temperate wetlands, salt pans, estuaries, and coastal lagoons. Measuring 16–18 inches (40–45 cm) with a 29–32 inch (73–80 cm) wingspan, it weighs 9–14 ounces (260–400 g).

Its black-and-white plumage, long legs, and gracefully upturned bill make it unmistakable. Carnivorous, it feeds on aquatic invertebrates and small fish, sweeping its unique bill through shallow water to catch prey. Highly social, Pied Avocets flock together during migration and breeding seasons. During spring and summer, they nest in scrapes near water, laying 3–4 eggs. Both parents incubate eggs for 23–25 days and care for precocial chicks, which can walk and feed shortly after hatching.

Fun Fact: The Pied Avocet’s elegant plumage inspired its use as the logo for the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB) in the UK!

76. Purple Gallinule

The Purple Gallinule (Porphyrio martinicus), part of the Rallidae family, is a vibrant wetland bird native to the Americas. It measures 10–14 inches (26–36 cm) long, with a 20–24 inch (50–61 cm) wingspan and weighs 5–10 ounces (140–280 g).

Its bright purple-blue plumage, greenish back, yellow legs, and red bill tipped with yellow make it unmistakable. Adapted for walking on floating vegetation, its long toes are a key feature. Purple Gallinules inhabit freshwater wetlands, swamps, and ponds in warm, humid climates. Northern populations migrate to Central and South America for winter. Omnivorous, they feed on seeds, fruits, insects, and small aquatic animals. Breeding occurs in floating or ground nests, with females laying 5–10 eggs. Both parents care for precocial chicks until independence.

Fun Fact: Known as the “Squeaky Chicken,” the Purple Gallinule makes high-pitched calls that sound like squeaking!

77. Parrotlet

Parrotlets (Forpus spp., e.g., Forpus coelestis) belong to the Psittacidae family, measuring 4–6 inches (10–15 cm) in length and weighing 0.88–1.1 ounces (25–31 g). Native to Central and South America, from Mexico to Peru, they inhabit forests, scrublands, and savannas in warm, humid climates. These small parrots are non-migratory but may move locally for food and shelter.

Known as one of the smallest parrot species, Parrotlets have bright green plumage with blue, yellow, or turquoise variations, often more vibrant in males. They have short tails and stout beaks for cracking seeds. Their diet includes seeds, fruits, berries, flowers, and occasionally insects, foraged in trees or shrubs. Diurnal and highly social, Parrotlets are active during the day and live in pairs or small flocks. Oviparous, they nest in tree cavities, laying 4–8 eggs incubated by the female for 18–22 days. Both parents feed the chicks, which fledge at 4–5 weeks old.

Fun Fact: Parrotlets, nicknamed “pocket parrots,” are tiny but fearless, often challenging animals or humans much larger than themselves.

78. Painted Bunting

The painted bunting is a vibrantly colored songbird native to the southeastern United States and parts of Mexico, thriving in thickets, woodland edges, and scrub habitats. Males are celebrated for their striking blue, green, red, and yellow plumage, while females and juveniles display muted green feathers that provide effective camouflage.

These small birds measure 4.5–5.5 inches (11–14 cm) in length, weigh 0.5–0.6 ounces (14–18 g), and have an 8.3-inch (21 cm) wingspan. Painted buntings primarily feed on seeds and insects, foraging near the ground. Breeding takes place in dense vegetation, where females construct cup-shaped nests and lay clutches of 3–4 eggs, ensuring their young are well-hidden and protected.

Fun Fact: Due to their striking appearance, painted buntings have historically been trapped for the pet trade, which contributes to their Near Threatened status.

79. Prairie Chicken

The Prairie Chicken (Tympanuchus cupido), part of the Phasianidae family, measures 16–18 inches (40–46 cm) long with a 28-inch (71 cm) wingspan and weighs 1.6–2.9 pounds (0.7–1.3 kg). It inhabits grasslands and prairies in Kansas, Nebraska, and parts of Texas for Attwater’s subspecies, preferring temperate climates. Although non-migratory, it may move locally for food or habitat.

This medium-sized bird has a brown, black, and white barred body. Males feature orange neck sacs and eyebrows, inflating them during courtship to produce a booming sound. An omnivorous ground forager, its diet includes seeds, grains, insects, and green plants. Active during the day, Prairie Chickens live in flocks outside the breeding season. Males gather on leks for courtship displays, stomping and booming to attract females. Females lay 10–12 eggs in grassy ground nests, incubate them, and guide the chicks to forage after hatching.

Fun Fact: Males gather in open areas called “leks” and engage in a “booming” display to attract females. 

After exploring the diverse and fascinating birds that start with the letter P, let’s dive into the aquatic world and discover some intriguing fish species that also begin with this letter.

Fish that start with P

Let’s dive into the underwater world and explore the fascinating fish species that start with the letter P.

Pompano Fish	Peacock Bass	Pacific Spaghetti Eel	Pictus Catfish	Polka Dot Stingray
Pacific Sleeper Shark	Porcupinefish	Pufferfish	Pygmy Shark	Porbeagle Shark
Peppermint Angelfish	Pyjama Shark	Pinfish	Parrotfish	Pink Salmon
Pipefish	Pollock Fish	Platinum Arowana	Pink Dolphin

80. Pompano Fish

Pompano (Trachinotus spp.) are sleek, metallic fish belonging to the Carangidae family. Commonly found in warm tropical and subtropical waters, they inhabit coastal areas, sandy beaches, lagoons, and estuaries. Sizes vary: Florida Pompano typically measure 12–24 inches (30–60 cm) and weigh 1–3 pounds (0.5–1.4 kg), while African Pompano can grow up to 48 inches (120 cm) and weigh 50 pounds (23 kg).

Known for their silvery, laterally compressed bodies and deep forked tails, these agile fish forage near the seabed, preying on small crustaceans, mollusks, and fish. They spawn in warmer months, releasing eggs into open waters. Juveniles seek protection in shallow estuarine areas, with no parental care provided.

Fun Fact: Pompano are celebrated for their mild, delicate flavor, ranking among the most sought-after fish in global cuisine!

81. Peacock Bass

Peacock Bass (Cichla spp.), part of the Cichlidae family, is a vibrantly colored freshwater fish native to South America, especially the Amazon and Orinoco basins. Found in rivers, lakes, and floodplains, they thrive in warm tropical climates and have been introduced to regions like Florida and Southeast Asia for sport fishing.

Measuring 12–30 inches (30–76 cm) and weighing 2–10 pounds (1–4.5 kg), Peacock Bass are known for their yellow, green, and orange hues, dark vertical stripes, and a tail eyespot resembling a peacock feather. Carnivorous and aggressive, they ambush smaller fish, crustaceans, and insects with bursts of speed. During spawning, both parents prepare nests and fiercely guard up to several thousand eggs and fry.

Fun Fact: Revered by anglers, Peacock Bass are called “tigers of the water” for their stunning looks, fierce fights, and leaping ability when hooked!

82. Pacific Spaghetti Eel

The Pacific Spaghetti Eel (Moringua ferruginea), part of the Moringuidae family, is a slender, worm-like eel found in tropical and subtropical Indo-Pacific coastal waters, including Southeast Asia, Australia, and Pacific islands. It inhabits sandy or muddy substrates in estuaries and lagoons, typically at depths of 10–150 feet (3–45 meters).

Measuring 12–30 inches (30–75 cm) and weighing less than 1 pound (0.5 kg), it has a pale reddish-brown or orange body, a small pointed head, and smooth, scaleless skin. Adapted for burrowing, it often hides with only its head exposed. Nocturnal and carnivorous, it ambushes small crustaceans, worms, and invertebrates using sharp, quick movements. Oviparous, its larvae, known as leptocephali, drift with ocean currents before transforming into juveniles, with no parental care provided.

Fun Fact: The Pacific Spaghetti Eel’s thin, flexible body makes it a stealthy burrower, perfectly adapted to its sandy or muddy habitat!

83. Pictus Catfish

The Pictus Catfish (Pimelodus pictus), a member of the Pimelodidae family, typically grows to 4–5 inches (10–13 cm) in aquariums, with wild specimens reaching up to 6 inches (15 cm). Weighing around 1–2 ounces (30–60 g), this tropical freshwater fish is native to the Amazon and Orinoco river basins in South America, thriving in warm waters of 75–81°F (24–27°C).

This small to medium-sized catfish has a silvery body adorned with black spots and long, sensitive barbels used for navigating and finding food. As a bottom-feeder, it consumes insects, small invertebrates, algae, and detritus. Primarily nocturnal, the Pictus Catfish is peaceful and social, often kept in small groups in aquariums. Reproduction is oviparous, but breeding in captivity is rare. In the wild, it reproduces in floodplain environments, where larvae develop in warm and stable conditions.

Fun Fact: They are known to form shoals or schools, which can provide them with a sense of security and help reduce stress. 

84. Polka Dot Stingray

The Polka Dot Stingray (Potamotrygon leopoldi), also known as the Black Diamond Stingray, is a stunning freshwater species native to Brazil’s Xingu River Basin. Thriving in tropical waters at 75–82°F (24–28°C), these rays measure 18–24 inches (45–60 cm) in diameter and weigh 20–40 pounds (9–18 kg).

Their striking black bodies with white polka-dot patterns make them a favorite in the aquarium trade. With broad, flat discs and whip-like tails armed with venomous spines, they primarily hunt nocturnally, using electroreceptive organs to detect hidden prey like fish and crustaceans. Ovoviviparous, they give birth to 1–7 fully developed pups after a 9–12 week gestation. The young are independent from birth, with no parental care.

Fun Fact: Despite their venomous tails, Polka Dot Stingrays are shy and prefer avoiding humans, using their spines only for defense.

85. Pacific Sleeper Shark

The Pacific Sleeper Shark (Somniosus pacificus), part of the Somniosidae family, inhabits the cold, deep waters of the North Pacific, ranging from Japan and Russia to Alaska and the western U.S. Typically found at depths of 600–6,600 feet (180–2,000 meters), it occasionally ventures into shallower coastal areas.

Measuring 12–14 feet (3.7–4.3 meters) and weighing 700–1,500 pounds (320–680 kg), this slow-moving shark has a cylindrical body, dark gray to black skin, and small dorsal fins. Adapted to low-energy environments, it uses a large, oil-rich liver for buoyancy. An opportunistic feeder, it preys on fish, squid, and marine mammals and scavenges large prey like seals. Ovoviviparous, it gives birth to a few pups measuring 16–18 inches (40–45 cm), with no parental care.

Fun Fact: The Pacific Sleeper Shark’s extremely slow metabolism allows it to thrive in frigid, oxygen-poor waters, earning it the nickname “deep-sea ghost.”

86. Porcupinefish

Porcupinefish, also called Diodon holocanthus, are amazing fish that live in warm tropical waters around the world. You can often find them in coral reefs and lagoons. They grow about 1–2 feet long (30–60 cm), weigh 3–6 pounds (1.4–2.7 kg), and can live up to 10 years in the wild. 

These fish are famous for their cool defense tricks. When scared, they puff up like a balloon by swallowing water or air, making the sharp spines on their bodies stick out to scare predators. They also have a special poison called tetrodotoxin in their bodies that makes them dangerous to eat. Porcupinefish are nighttime hunters. They eat animals with hard shells, like crabs, sea urchins, and clams, using their super-strong beaks to crack them open. During the day, they hide in coral or rocky areas to rest. To have babies, porcupinefish lay eggs that float on the ocean. When the eggs hatch, the tiny fish hide near seaweed to stay safe and find food.

Fun Fact: Porcupinefish can puff up to twice their normal size, turning into a spiky ball to scare away enemies!

87. Pufferfish

Pufferfish, belonging to the Tetraodontidae family, are fascinating creatures found in tropical and subtropical waters. These unique fish come in many sizes, ranging from just 2 inches (5 cm) to 3 feet (90 cm) long, and can weigh anywhere from 1–20 pounds (0.45–9 kg). In the wild, they typically live about 10 years, but with proper care, they can live longer in captivity. Pufferfish inhabit coral reefs, mangroves, and estuaries, with some species thriving in freshwater or brackish environments. They prefer warm waters and do not migrate. 

Known for their round, plump bodies, pufferfish can inflate themselves into a spiky ball when threatened. Their skin ranges from rough to spiny, and they display bright colors like yellow, blue, or green, often with patterns to scare predators. These carnivores primarily eat shellfish, crustaceans, and small invertebrates, using their strong, beak-like teeth to crush tough shells. Pufferfish are usually solitary and can be territorial, showing aggression toward intruders. During reproduction, females lay eggs on sandy or rocky areas, and males guard them until they hatch. Pufferfish larvae drift as plankton before maturing.

Fun Fact: Pufferfish produce tetrodotoxin, a toxin 1,200 times stronger than cyanide! Despite this, they are a Japanese delicacy known as fugu, requiring expert chefs to prepare safely.

88. Pygmy Shark

The pygmy shark (Euprotomicrus bispinatus) is one of the smallest shark species, growing up to 8.6 inches (22 cm) for females and 8 inches (20 cm) for males, and weighing less than 1 pound (0.45 kg). These deep-sea dwellers are estimated to live 20–25 years, although their lifespan remains largely a mystery due to their elusive habitat. 

They are found in tropical and temperate oceans worldwide, often near continental shelves and islands. Pygmy sharks live at depths of 200–2,000 meters, performing diel vertical migration—staying deep during the day and ascending closer to the surface at night to feed. Their small, cigar-shaped bodies are dark brown or black, with light-producing organs (photophores) on their underside. This bioluminescence helps them blend into sunlight from above, camouflaging them from predators below. Pygmy sharks are carnivores, feeding on small fish, squid, and crustaceans. They are stealthy hunters, relying on their small size and ambush tactics to catch prey. Solitary by nature, these sharks reproduce through ovoviviparity, giving live birth to a few pups, each about 4 inches (10 cm) long.

Fun Fact: Despite their tiny size, pygmy sharks have razor-sharp teeth that can slice prey much larger than themselves!

89. Porbeagle Shark

The porbeagle shark (Lamna nasus) is a powerful predator found in cold and temperate waters of the North Atlantic and Southern Hemisphere. They typically measure 5–7 feet (1.5–2.1 meters) in length and weigh 250–300 pounds (113–136 kg), though some can grow up to 12 feet (3.7 meters) and exceed 500 pounds (227 kg). With a lifespan of 30–65 years, they reach maturity at 8–13 years for males and 13–18 years for females. Porbeagles prefer depths of 50–200 meters but can dive as deep as 700 meters. 

Their streamlined, torpedo-shaped bodies feature a grayish-blue back, white underside, and crescent-shaped tail, making them swift swimmers. They hunt bony fish like mackerel and cod, as well as squid, using bursts of speed to chase down prey. These sharks are generally solitary but may form loose groups. They are migratory, traveling long distances for feeding and breeding. Porbeagles reproduce via ovoviviparity, giving birth to 1–5 pups (2–3 feet at birth) after embryos feed on unfertilized eggs in the womb (oophagy).

Fun Fact: Porbeagle sharks have been seen chasing and nudging floating objects, suggesting they may play for fun or curiosity!

90. Peppermint Angelfish

The peppermint angelfish (Centropyge boylei) is a tiny, brightly colored fish found in the deep reefs of the Central Pacific, particularly near the Cook Islands and French Polynesia. Growing only 2.5–3 inches (6–7.5 cm) long and weighing less than 1 ounce (28 grams), it is one of the most striking and sought-after marine species. These fish live at depths of 300–400 feet (90–120 meters), preferring rocky crevices and caves in dimly lit waters. Their red-orange bodies with vertical white stripes resemble peppermint candy, giving them their name. 

Their vibrant, iridescent appearance has made them highly prized in the aquarium trade. Peppermint angelfish are omnivores, feeding on algae, sponges, and tiny invertebrates by grazing and picking from reef surfaces. They are typically solitary or found in pairs, defending their territories around food and shelter. During reproduction, they spawn in pairs, releasing eggs and sperm into the water. The larvae drift with currents before settling on reefs.

Fun Fact: The peppermint angelfish is among the most expensive aquarium fish, with a single specimen costing over $30,000 due to its rarity and dazzling beauty!

91. Pyjama Shark

The Pyjama Shark (Poroderma africanum), part of the Scyliorhinidae family (catsharks), is a medium-sized shark native to South Africa’s coastal waters. Measuring 2.6–3.3 feet (80–100 cm) and weighing 15–20 pounds (6.8–9 kg), it lives in temperate marine environments like rocky reefs, kelp forests, and sandy seabeds, at depths of 3–100 meters (10–330 feet).

Its light gray body, adorned with dark vertical stripes resembling pyjamas, provides excellent camouflage. Pyjama Sharks are nocturnal and solitary, hunting small fish, crustaceans, squid, and octopuses by squeezing into crevices as opportunistic bottom-feeders. Females lay “mermaid’s purses,” attaching them to rocks or kelp. After 5–6 months, fully independent hatchlings emerge, receiving no parental care.

Fun Fact: When threatened, the Pyjama Shark curls into a tight spiral, covering its head with its tail to shield vital organs from predators!

92. Pinfish

The Pinfish (Lagodon rhomboides), part of the Sparidae family, is a small to medium-sized fish. It typically grows 4–8 inches (10–20 cm) long, with some reaching 15 inches (38 cm), and weighs 0.2–0.6 pounds (90–270 g). It lives in coastal waters, including estuaries, seagrass beds, and nearshore reefs, from Massachusetts to Brazil, including the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean. Pinfish prefer warm tropical and subtropical waters and move to deeper areas during colder months.

With a silver body, yellow stripes, and a black spot on the gill cover, Pinfish are named for their sharp dorsal spines. They are omnivorous, feeding on crustaceans, mollusks, worms, and algae, foraging along the seafloor and in seagrass beds. Active during the day, Pinfish often form schools, especially as juveniles for protection. They are oviparous, spawning in late fall to early winter in offshore waters. Eggs float freely in the water, and the larvae drift as plankton before settling in shallow habitats. No parental care is provided.

Fun Fact: The pinfish, small and spiny, is prized bait for redfish and snook due to its abundance and resilience.

93. Parrotfish

Parrotfish (Scaridae family) are vibrant reef-dwelling fish found in tropical and subtropical oceans, especially in the Indo-Pacific and Atlantic regions. Inhabiting coral reefs, rocky coastlines, and seagrass beds at depths up to 100 feet (30 meters), they measure 12–48 inches (30–120 cm) long and weigh 2–50 pounds (1–23 kg), depending on the species.

Known for their bright colors, which vary with age, sex, and status, parrotfish have fused teeth forming a beak used to scrape algae from coral. Herbivorous, they grind coral to extract algae, excreting fine sand that helps form beaches. Active during the day, parrotfish live in groups led by a dominant male. Many species are sequential hermaphrodites, changing from female to male, and release eggs into the water during group spawning events.

Fun Fact: A single parrotfish can produce over 200 pounds (90 kg) of sand annually, playing a vital role in reef ecosystems!

94. Pink Salmon

Pink Salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha), or Humpback Salmon, are anadromous fish native to the North Pacific Ocean and its tributaries, spanning from Alaska to Washington and Russia to Japan. They measure 18–25 inches (45–64 cm), weigh 3–5 pounds (1.4–2.3 kg), and have the shortest lifespan of all Pacific salmon at just 2 years.

Silvery in the ocean, males develop a pronounced hump and pinkish hues during the freshwater spawning phase. Carnivorous, they feed on plankton, small fish, and crustaceans in open waters, traveling in schools. Spawning occurs from late summer to early fall, with females creating gravel nests (redds) in freshwater streams for egg deposition. After hatching in 3–5 months, fry migrate to the ocean, and adults die post-spawning.

Fun Fact: Pink Salmon have a strict two-year lifecycle, creating distinct odd- and even-year populations that rarely interbreed, ensuring unique population cycles!

95. Pipefish

Pipefish (Subfamily Syngnathinae), relatives of seahorses and seadragons, belong to the Syngnathidae family. Found worldwide in temperate and tropical waters, they inhabit seagrass beds, coral reefs, and estuaries, blending seamlessly into vegetation with their elongated, bony-ringed bodies and tubular snouts.

Measuring 2–20 inches (5–50 cm) and weighing just a few grams, these carnivorous fish feed on small crustaceans, zooplankton, and larval fish, using suction to draw prey into their mouths. Active during the day, they are solitary or form pairs during the breeding season. Male pipefish incubate eggs in a brood pouch, fertilizing and protecting them until hatching. Fry are released fully developed and independent.

Fun Fact: Like their seahorse relatives, male pipefish carry eggs, and studies show they may favor eggs from healthier mates, showcasing a unique form of parental selectivity!

96. Pollock Fish

Pollock refers to two species: Alaska Pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus) and Atlantic Pollock (Pollachius pollachius), both members of the Gadidae family. Alaska Pollock, found in the North Pacific, reaches 3 feet (91 cm) and 2–5 pounds (0.9–2.3 kg), while Atlantic Pollock, from the North Atlantic, grows up to 4 feet (122 cm) and 10–20 pounds (4.5–9 kg).

Silvery Alaska Pollock contrasts with the darker, brownish-green Atlantic Pollock. Both are opportunistic predators, feeding on smaller fish, crustaceans, and plankton, and often form large schools for hunting and spawning. Spawning occurs in late winter or early spring, with eggs drifting as plankton. Larvae develop in shallow waters before moving deeper, with no parental care.

Fun Fact: Alaska Pollock is a staple in the seafood industry, used in products like fish sticks, surimi, and the Filet-O-Fish sandwich!

97. Platinum Arowana

Pirarucu (Arapaima gigas), also called Arapaima, is one of the largest freshwater fish, reaching 6–10 feet (2–3 meters) and weighing 200–440 pounds (90–200 kg). Native to the Amazon Basin, they inhabit tropical rivers, lakes, and floodplains, thriving in oxygen-poor waters thanks to a modified swim bladder that allows them to breathe air.

These ancient fish have torpedo-shaped bodies, greenish-black scales, and reddish tails. Carnivorous ambush predators, they prey on fish, crustaceans, and small animals that fall into the water. Breeding occurs during the dry season, with females laying thousands of eggs in nests built in sandy or muddy substrates. Males guard the eggs and fry, providing strong parental care.

Fun Fact: Known as “living fossils,” Pirarucus date back over 150 million years to the Jurassic period, showcasing their remarkable survival through time!

98. Pink Dolphin

The Pink Dolphin (Inia geoffrensis), also known as the Amazon River Dolphin or Boto, inhabits the freshwater rivers, lakes, and flooded forests of the Amazon and Orinoco basins in South America. Thriving in warm tropical climates, these dolphins measure 6.5–9 feet (2–2.7 meters) and weigh 185–355 pounds (85–160 kg), with lifespans of 30–40 years.

Known for their pink coloration, more vibrant in males and intensifying with age or excitement, they have long, flexible necks and conical teeth for catching fish, crustaceans, and other prey. Pink Dolphins are diurnal and typically solitary or found in small groups. Viviparous, they give birth during the rainy season (May–July) after an 11–12 month gestation. Calves are born gray, turning pink as they mature, with mothers providing care for up to 2 years.

Fun Fact: In Amazonian folklore, Pink Dolphins are said to shape-shift into humans, adding to their mystical allure!

After exploring the diverse fish species, let’s hop onto land and discover the intriguing amphibians that start with the letter P.

Amphibians that start with P

Now, let’s dive into the intriguing world of amphibians, highlighting those species whose names begin with the letter P.

Poison Dart Frog

Pool Frog

99. Poison Dart Frog

Poison dart frogs are small, vividly colored amphibians native to the tropical rainforests of Central and South America. Measuring 0.5–2 inches (1.3–5 cm) in length and weighing less than an ounce (1–5 g), these frogs are known for their striking colors, including yellow, orange, blue, and green, which warn predators of their toxic skin secretions.

Thriving in humid and warm environments, poison dart frogs feed on ants, termites, and other small insects, from which they derive their potent toxins. Reproduction involves laying eggs on land, with males often transporting the hatched tadpoles to water, ensuring their development in safe aquatic habitats. Their bright appearance and unique behaviors make them fascinating inhabitants of the rainforest.

Fun Fact: Not all poison dart frogs are toxic; their diet in captivity often lacks the compounds needed to produce toxins!

100. Pool Frog

The Pool Frog (Pelophylax lessonae), part of the Ranidae family of “true frogs,” is native to central and eastern Europe, with isolated populations in the west. It thrives in temperate climates, favoring sunlit freshwater habitats like ponds, marshes, and slow-moving streams.

Measuring 2–3 inches (5–8 cm) and weighing 0.6–1 ounce (15–30 g), Pool Frogs have green to brownish-green bodies with darker blotches and a pale dorsal stripe. Males develop vocal sacs during breeding season. They are diurnal ambush predators, capturing insects, spiders, and small invertebrates with sticky tongues. Females lay up to 1,000 eggs in shallow water during spring and early summer. Tadpoles hatch within a week and transform into froglets in 2–3 months.

Fun Fact: Known for their loud, melodious croaks, Pool Frogs bring life to their habitats, especially during breeding season!

Having explored the diverse amphibians that start with P, let’s now shift our focus to the fascinating world of insects beginning with the same letter.

Insects that start with P

Next, we explore the fascinating realm of insects, featuring those with names that begin with the letter P.

Pond Skater	Peppered Moth	Potter Wasp	Pinacate Beetle	Puss Moth
Puss Caterpillar	Pennsylvania Wood Cockroach	Pink Bollworm	Purple Emperor Butterfly	Powderpost Beetle
Pipevine Swallowtail Butterfly	Pine Beetle	Potato Beetle	Palo Verde Beetle	Pantaloon Bee
Polyphemus Moth

101. Pond Skater

Pond Skaters (Gerridae) are lightweight insects belonging to the Gerridae family, renowned for their ability to “walk” on water. Measuring 0.2–1 inch (5–25 mm), they inhabit freshwater ponds, lakes, and slow-moving rivers worldwide, thriving in calm, warm waters with abundant vegetation.

These slender, dark-colored insects have long, water-repellent legs that distribute their weight, allowing them to glide on the water’s surface. Carnivorous, they prey on insects and small invertebrates, using their piercing-sucking mouthparts to extract fluids from their catch. Pond skaters are diurnal and often gather in groups, especially during spring and summer breeding. Females lay eggs on submerged plants, and nymphs emerge fully independent, molting several times before adulthood.

Fun Fact: Pond skaters rely on surface tension and hydrophobic legs to move effortlessly across water, an adaptation that makes them seem to defy gravity!

102. Peppered Moth

The Peppered Moth (Biston betularia) is a medium-sized moth in the Geometridae family, with a wingspan of 1.9–2.5 inches (5–6.4 cm) and a lightweight body under 0.02 ounces (0.5 g). Found across Europe, Asia, and North America, it thrives in woodlands, gardens, and urban areas, favoring temperate climates.

This moth is famous for its two color forms: the typical light form with dark speckles and the dark melanistic form, which became common during the Industrial Revolution. Both forms use camouflage to avoid predators, blending into lichen-covered trees or soot-darkened bark. As caterpillars, they feed on leaves of deciduous trees like birch and oak, mimicking twigs for protection. Adults don’t eat, focusing instead on reproduction. Females lay eggs on tree bark or leaves, and the larvae are independent from hatching, pupating in cocoons before emerging as moths. Active at night, Peppered Moths are solitary and well-adapted to their environments.

Fun Fact: The Peppered Moth exemplifies natural selection, with darker forms thriving during sooty Industrial times and lighter ones rebounding later.

103. Potter Wasp

The Potter Wasp, comprising various species within the Eumeninae subfamily of the Vespidae family, is a solitary insect found worldwide, except Antarctica. Measuring 0.4–1 inch (10–25 mm) and weighing just 0.01–0.03 ounces (0.3–0.9 g), these wasps thrive in diverse habitats, including woodlands, gardens, and urban areas, adapting to temperate and tropical climates.

Potter Wasps have slender black bodies with yellow, orange, or white markings and are known for their vase-shaped mud nests. Adults feed on nectar, while larvae consume paralyzed prey (typically caterpillars) provided by females. Each mud nest cell contains one egg and stored prey, with no further care after sealing.

Fun Fact: Potter Wasps are skilled builders, meticulously shaping mud into intricate pot-like nests that double as nurseries and food chambers for their young!

104. Pinacate Beetle

The Pinacate Beetle (the Stink Beetle or Clown Beetle) is a species of darkling beetle found in arid regions of North America. It belongs to the genus Eleodes, which comprises several species known for their defensive behavior of releasing a noxious odor when threatened. Pinacate Beetles are characterized by their shiny black or dark brown exoskeletons and distinctive habit of standing on their heads and raising their abdomens when disturbed. They feed on decaying organic matter and play a vital role in nutrient cycling in desert ecosystems.

Fun Fact: When threatened or disturbed, it raises its rear end and head off the ground, forming a U-shape with its body.

105. Puss Moth

The Puss Moth (Cerura vinula), part of the Notodontidae family, is native to Europe, Asia, and parts of North Africa. It thrives in temperate woodlands, gardens, and areas with poplar or willow trees. Adults have a pale gray, fur-like appearance, while the bright green caterpillars feature distinctive tail horns.

With a wingspan of 2.4–3.2 inches (6–8 cm), Puss Moths are nocturnal as adults but do not feed, focusing only on reproduction. Females lay shiny eggs on leaves, and the caterpillars feed on deciduous foliage before pupating in hard cocoons. Known for its unique defenses, the caterpillar raises its tail horns, rears its head, and can eject a red fluid to deter predators.

Fun Fact: The Puss Moth caterpillar’s dramatic display of flaring its tail and expelling liquid makes it one of the most intimidating larvae in the insect world!

106. Puss Caterpillar

The Puss Caterpillar, or Southern Flannel Moth Caterpillar (Megalopyge opercularis), belongs to the Megalopygidae family. It measures about 1–1.5 inches in length and weighs around 0.01 ounces. Found in the southeastern United States, Mexico, and Central America, it thrives in warm, temperate climates and inhabits wooded areas, shrubs, and gardens.

This small, furry caterpillar ranges in color from grayish-white to golden yellow or brown. Beneath its fur are venomous spines that can deliver a painful sting. It feeds on leaves from trees and shrubs such as oak, elm, and citrus during its larval stage. Active during the day and solitary, it undergoes metamorphosis after laying eggs on leaf undersides. The larvae form cocoons, transforming into adult moths. No parental care is provided, as the larvae are independent upon hatching.

Fun Fact: Its seemingly harmless-looking hairs are actually venomous spines that can cause painful stings if touched.

107. Pennsylvania Wood Cockroach

The Pennsylvania Wood Cockroach (Parcoblatta pennsylvanica), part of the Ectobiidae family, is native to wooded areas in eastern and central North America. Males measure 0.8–1 inch (20–25 mm) and can fly with their long wings, while females, at 0.6–0.8 inches (15–20 mm), have shorter wings and cannot fly. Both are reddish-brown with lighter edges on the thorax.

This nocturnal species thrives in woodpiles, tree bark, and decaying vegetation, feeding on organic matter and aiding in nutrient recycling. Females lay oothecae (egg cases) in sheltered spots, from which nymphs emerge and molt several times before adulthood. Unlike indoor pest cockroaches, Pennsylvania Wood Cockroaches prefer outdoor habitats and only enter homes accidentally, often via firewood or during mating flights.

Fun Fact: While males can fly, they are more likely to glide short distances, often during warm weather or mating season!

108. Pink Bollworm

The Pink Bollworm (Pectinophora gossypiella), part of the Gelechiidae family, is a major pest of cotton crops. Originally native to Asia, it is now found worldwide in cotton-growing regions, thriving in warm, arid climates.

Adult moths are small, brownish-gray, and nocturnal, while larvae have pinkish bodies and brown heads, feeding inside cotton bolls. Measuring about 0.5 inches (12 mm) in wingspan as adults, larvae reach 0.4 inches (10 mm) when fully grown. Larvae damage cotton by burrowing into bolls, consuming seeds, and reducing fiber quality. Females lay eggs near developing bolls, with larvae becoming independent upon hatching. Breeding can occur year-round in warm areas, leading to large infestations.

Fun Fact: Cotton farmers combat the pink bollworm using innovative methods like genetically modified Bt cotton and sterile insect release programs, significantly reducing its impact on crops!

109. Purple Emperor Butterfly

The Purple Emperor Butterfly (Apatura iris), part of the Nymphalidae family, inhabits deciduous and mixed woodlands across Europe and parts of Asia. With a wingspan of 2.7–3.3 inches (7–8.5 cm), males display an iridescent purple sheen on their wings under certain light, while larger females lack this sheen, appearing brown with white markings.

Preferring temperate climates, these diurnal butterflies are most active in sunny weather. Males are territorial, perching high in trees to guard their space and attract females. Adults feed on tree sap, carrion, and dung rather than nectar, while larvae consume sallow tree leaves. Eggs are laid singly on sallow leaves, and green caterpillars, camouflaged with leaf-like “horns,” pupate into chrysalises resembling curled leaves.

Fun Fact: The Purple Emperor’s brilliant purple coloration isn’t pigment-based but results from light reflecting off microscopic scales on its wings!

110. Powderpost Beetle

The Powderpost Beetle is a fascinating group of tiny wood-loving insects from the subfamilies Lyctinae (true powderpost beetles) and Anobiinae (deathwatch beetles). These beetles are truly petite, measuring just 1/16–1/4 inches (2–6 mm) long and weighing less than 0.005 ounces (0.14 grams). With their reddish-brown to black coloring, they create tiny, round holes in wood, leaving behind a fine, powdery dust—like a little calling card for their presence.

These beetles are world travelers, often hitching a ride in infested wood, and they thrive in warm, humid conditions. Their larvae are the real woodworkers, burrowing into wood to munch on starch and sugars for months or even years! Adults, on the other hand, don’t eat but focus on laying eggs in tiny wood cracks. Despite being solitary by nature, infestations can involve quite a few of these tiny critters working side by side.

Fun Fact: Powderpost beetles are named for the fine wood powder (frass) they leave behind, signaling an infestation. 

111. Pipevine Swallowtail Butterfly

The Pipevine Swallowtail Butterfly (Battus philenor), part of the Papilionidae family, is native to North America, from the eastern U.S. to Central America. Preferring meadows, forests, and gardens, it thrives in warm temperate to subtropical climates.

With a 2.8–5 inch (7–13 cm) wingspan, males have iridescent blue or green hindwings and black forewings, while the underside features orange spots. Bright orange or red caterpillars feed exclusively on pipevine plants, absorbing toxins that make them distasteful to predators. Adults feed on nectar from flowers like milkweed and lantana. Females lay red-orange eggs on pipevine plants, and caterpillars transform into adults after forming a chrysalis. Both caterpillars and butterflies use toxic chemicals and warning coloration to deter predators.

Fun Fact: The Pipevine Swallowtail is a key example of Batesian mimicry, with non-toxic species mimicking its bright coloration for protection!

112. Pine Beetle

The Pine Beetle (Dendroctonus spp.) belongs to the Curculionidae family, also known as bark beetles. These tiny beetles, measuring 0.12–0.3 inches (3–8 mm) in length, are reddish-brown to black and thrive in temperate pine forests, especially in warmer climates. Pine beetles live under tree bark, with larvae feeding on the cambium layer, disrupting the tree’s nutrient flow. Adults create entry holes and deposit eggs in tunnels. They are most active during warm months and use pheromones to attract others, forming large infestations.

These beetles reproduce by laying eggs, with larvae developing independently. Although they cause significant damage during outbreaks, they also serve an ecological role by thinning forests and promoting new growth.

Fun Fact: Pine beetles help recycle nutrients in forests but can devastate pine trees during major infestations!

113. Potato Beetle

The Colorado Potato Beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata), part of the Chrysomelidae family, is a small, oval-shaped beetle recognized by its yellow-orange body with 10 black stripes on its wing covers. Native to North America, it is now found worldwide in potato-growing regions, thriving in temperate climates.

These beetles, measuring 0.25–0.4 inches (6–10 mm), are diurnal and live in groups. Both adults and larvae feed on potato plants, often defoliating them entirely. Females lay up to 500 eggs in clusters under leaves, which hatch into reddish larvae. These larvae grow through several stages before pupating, but no parental care is provided. A significant agricultural pest, it also feeds on other nightshade plants like tomatoes and eggplants.

Fun Fact: The Colorado Potato Beetle has evolved resistance to over 50 pesticides, making it one of the most resilient crop pests in history!

114. Palo Verde Beetle

The Palo Verde Beetle (Derobrachus hovorei) is one of the largest beetles in North America and belongs to the longhorn beetle family. It grows up to 3–3.5 inches (7.6–9 cm) long, including its antennae, and weighs about 0.3–0.5 ounces (8–14 g). Found in the southwestern United States and northern Mexico, this beetle thrives in hot, dry desert areas, often near palo verde and mesquite trees.

With its shiny dark brown or black body, long antennae, and spiny legs, the Palo Verde Beetle looks a bit intimidating but is harmless to people. As larvae, they live underground for up to three years, feeding on tree roots. Once they become adults, they don’t eat and instead focus on finding a mate. These beetles are most active at night and are often seen flying around lights during the summer, especially after monsoon rains. Females lay eggs near tree bases, and the young hatch and begin their life cycle underground. The larvae are independent from the start and take care of themselves!

Fun Fact: Palo Verde Beetles, despite their size and spiny legs, are harmless and aid nutrient recycling in desert ecosystems. 

115. Pantaloon Bee

The Pantaloon Bee (Dasypoda hirtipes), part of the Melittidae family, is a solitary bee native to Europe, thriving in sandy soils, heathlands, meadows, and coastal dunes. It prefers warm, dry climates rich in wildflowers.

Measuring 0.4–0.6 inches (10–15 mm), females are known for their large, fluffy orange or yellow leg hairs, resembling pantaloons, which help carry pollen. With a compact, black body covered in pale hairs, they specialize in collecting pollen and nectar from flowers like daisies. These diurnal bees dig burrows in sandy soil, creating branching chambers for their eggs. Each chamber is provisioned with pollen and nectar for the larvae, which develop independently.

Fun Fact: The Pantaloon Bee’s unique leg “pantaloons” allow it to transport impressive amounts of pollen, making it a highly efficient pollinator and a key player in its ecosystem!

116. Polyphemus Moth

The Polyphemus Moth (Antheraea polyphemus) belongs to the Saturniidae family, known for giant silk moths. With a wingspan of 4.5–6 inches and a weight of 0.1–0.2 ounces, this large moth inhabits deciduous forests, woodlands, and urban areas in temperate climates. It is sedentary and does not migrate.

Its rusty brown to tan wings feature eye-like spots that deter predators, while males have feathery antennae for detecting pheromones. Caterpillars feed on leaves like oak and birch, but adults do not eat, relying on stored energy. Active at night, these solitary moths mate and lay eggs, with no parental care provided. Females lay eggs in clusters on leaves. The larvae feed for six weeks before spinning silken cocoons to pupate, either overwintering or emerging as adults in 2–3 weeks.

Fun Fact: Their green caterpillars can grow up to 10 cm (4 inches) long!

117. Peacock Butterfly

The Peacock Butterfly (Aglais io), a member of the Nymphalidae family, is native to Europe and temperate Asia, from the British Isles to Japan. These medium-sized butterflies have a wingspan of 2–2.8 inches (50–70 mm) and weigh only 0.01–0.02 ounces (0.3–0.5 g).

Their vibrant wings feature eye spots resembling peacock feathers to deter predators, while the dark undersides provide camouflage. Peacock Butterflies thrive in temperate woodlands, meadows, and gardens, feeding on flower nectar during sunny days. Females lay egg clusters on nettles, where black, spiny caterpillars hatch, feed, and pupate independently. Adults are diurnal and solitary but may gather at feeding or mating sites.

Fun Fact: Peacock Butterflies are among the few European species to hibernate as adults, reemerging in spring to breed!

Moving on from the world of insects, let’s dive into the intriguing category of arachnids, showcasing those whose names begin with the letter P.

Arachnida that start with P

Now, let’s explore the fascinating world of arachnids, focusing on species whose names begin with the letter P.

Pumpkin Patch Tarantula

Peacock Spider

Pink Toed Tarantula

Pacific Coast Tick

118. Pumpkin Patch Tarantula

The Pumpkin Patch Tarantula (Hapalopus sp. Colombia), part of the Theraphosidae family, is a small, colorful tarantula native to Colombia and nearby regions in South America. It inhabits burrows or forest debris in warm, humid tropical climates. Measuring 2–3 inches (5–8 cm) in body length with a 3–4 inch (7.5–10 cm) leg span, this tarantula weighs around 0.5 ounces (14 g). Its vibrant orange and black patterns, resembling a pumpkin patch, make it strikingly unique.

Nocturnal and solitary, the Pumpkin Patch Tarantula preys on insects like crickets and roaches, using quick strikes and venom to subdue them. Females lay 50–150 eggs in an egg sac, which hatch in 4–8 weeks. Spiderlings stay briefly near the mother before becoming independent.

Fun Fact: With its bold colors, compact size, and calm nature, the Pumpkin Patch Tarantula is a favorite among beginner tarantula enthusiasts!

119. Peacock Spider

The Peacock Spider (Maratus volans) is a small member of the Salticidae family, known for jumping spiders. Measuring just 0.12–0.2 inches long and weighing under 0.01 ounces, it inhabits dry forests, scrublands, and sandy regions of southern and eastern Australia, thriving in arid to temperate climates.

Males are vividly colored with iridescent blue, green, and red patterns, while females are brown and less vibrant. Males use an expandable abdominal flap in intricate courtship dances. Predatory and diurnal, these spiders actively hunt small insects using their sharp vision and jumping prowess. Solitary by nature, females lay eggs in silk sacs and guard them until the spiderlings hatch. The young become independent shortly after emerging.

Fun Fact: They use their colorful abdominal flaps, or fan-like structures called “opercula,” to attract females.

120. Pink Toed Tarantula

The Pink-Toed Tarantula (Avicularia avicularia), part of the Theraphosidae family, is a medium-sized arboreal spider native to South and Central America, including Venezuela, Brazil, and Guyana. It thrives in warm, humid tropical climates and lives in trees and shrubs.

Measuring 4–5 inches (10–12 cm) with legs and weighing 1–2 ounces (28–56 g), it has a dark brown or black body with metallic greenish-blue highlights and distinct pink or orange toes. Pink-Toed Tarantulas are nocturnal hunters, ambushing insects and small animals using venom. These tarantulas reproduce sexually, with females laying up to 150 eggs in silken sacs. Spiderlings hatch in 6–8 weeks and quickly become independent.

Fun Fact: Unlike many tarantulas, Pink-Toed Tarantulas can leap to escape threats, using their long legs and agility to navigate trees!

121. Pacific Coast Tick

The Pacific Coast Tick (Dermacentor occidentalis), part of the Ixodidae family, is native to the western United States, particularly California, Oregon, and Nevada. Found in grasslands, woodlands, and scrublands, it thrives in mild, humid climates but tolerates dry environments.

Unfed ticks measure 0.2–0.3 inches (5–7 mm) but grow to 0.6 inches (15 mm) when engorged. They have reddish-brown, oval-shaped bodies with mottled patterns on their dorsal shields. Using barbed mouthparts, they attach to mammals, birds, and reptiles, feeding for several days. Preferred hosts include deer, livestock, and humans. Active in spring and summer, Pacific Coast Ticks are three-host ticks, feeding on different hosts at each life stage. Females lay thousands of eggs after feeding.

Fun Fact: These ticks transmit diseases like Rocky Mountain spotted fever, tularemia, and anaplasmosis, and can occasionally cause tick paralysis!

Other animals that start with P

Next, let’s shift our focus to domestic animals, specifically those whose names start with the letter P.

Plymouth Rock Chicken	Polish Chicken	Peruvian Guinea Pig	Phoenix Chicken
Pyrosome	Polynesian Tree Snail

122. Plymouth Rock Chicken

The Plymouth Rock chicken is a widely favored dual-purpose breed valued for its hardiness and friendly nature. Originating in the United States, these medium-to-large birds typically weigh 7–9 pounds (3–4 kg) for hens and 9–10 pounds (4–4.5 kg) for roosters. They are easily identified by their distinctive barred plumage, marked by alternating black and white stripes.

Adaptable to various settings, Plymouth Rocks thrive in small backyard coops and large farms alike. They are prolific layers, producing 200–300 brown eggs annually, and are also prized for their high-quality meat. Active and social, these chickens are excellent foragers and integrate well with other animals, making them a versatile and reliable choice for poultry keepers.

Fun Fact: With proper care, Plymouth Rock chickens have a relatively long lifespan compared to other chicken breeds, which can live up to 6 to 8 years or sometimes even longer.

123. Polish Chicken

The Polish chicken is a domestic breed celebrated for its flamboyant crest of feathers, which gives it a distinctive and ornamental appearance. Medium-sized, these birds weigh 4–6 pounds (1.8–2.7 kg) and exhibit a range of plumage colors, including white, black, and golden. Their prominent feathered crests can sometimes impair their vision, contributing to their calm yet occasionally skittish demeanor.

Primarily kept as ornamental birds, Polish chickens are also valued for their consistent production of white eggs. They thrive in backyard flocks, preferring free-range conditions paired with secure shelter. Non-broody by nature, they reliably lay eggs year-round, adding both beauty and utility to small-scale poultry settings.

Fun Fact: Despite their name, their origins are uncertain, and they may not be from Poland!

124. Peruvian Guinea Pig

The Peruvian Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus), part of the Caviidae family, measures 10–14 inches (25–35 cm) long and weighs 1.5–2.6 pounds (0.7–1.2 kg). Originally from South America, it descends from wild guinea pigs that lived in the Andes’ grasslands and rocky terrains. Now domesticated, they thrive globally as pets and for meat production, adaptable to various climates. These medium-sized rodents have compact bodies and long, silky fur that requires regular grooming. Coat colors vary widely, including white, black, brown, and mixed patterns. Herbivorous, they graze constantly on hay, fresh vegetables like carrots and leafy greens, and fortified pellets.

Primarily crepuscular, guinea pigs are active at dawn and dusk. Highly social, they live in groups and communicate through squeaks and purrs. Viviparous females have a 59–72 day gestation period, giving birth to 1–6 pups that are fully furred, with open eyes, and able to eat solid food shortly after birth. Mothers nurse briefly, as pups are largely independent.

Fun Fact: The Peruvian Guinea Pig’s 20-inch coat requires special grooming and makes them favorites in competitive shows.

125. Phoenix Chicken

The Phoenix Chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus), a breed from the Phasianidae family, originated in Japan and is now kept worldwide as an ornamental bird. Males weigh 4–6 pounds (1.8–2.7 kg), and females weigh 3–5 pounds (1.4–2.3 kg). Males are famed for their long, flowing tail feathers, which can exceed 2–3 feet (60–90 cm).

These chickens come in golden, silver, and black varieties with iridescent plumage. They are omnivorous, feeding on grains, seeds, and insects, and forage on the ground. Social and active during the day, they thrive in flocks but require temperate to warm climates. Hens lay small to medium-sized eggs, with an incubation period of about 21 days.

Fun Fact: The Phoenix Chicken descends from Japan’s Onagadori breed, prized for tail feathers that grow continuously under ideal care, symbolizing elegance and longevity!

126. Pyrosome

“Pyrosomes are colonial tunicates known for their magical bioluminescent displays.” by jody.lynn.jj is in the Public Domain, CC0The Pyrosome (Pyrosoma spp.), part of the Pyrosomatidae family, is a colonial tunicate found in warm, temperate, and tropical oceans worldwide. These gelatinous, cylindrical colonies range from a few centimeters to an impressive 30 feet (9 meters) in length and drift in the open ocean, often near the surface.

Pyrosomes are composed of thousands of individual zooids working together as a single entity. They are bioluminescent, earning them the nickname “sea glow worms,” and create mesmerizing light displays visible at night. Transparent or pale pink and blue, they filter-feed on plankton by drawing water through their siphons. Reproducing both sexually and asexually, pyrosomes grow as zooids bud new members. Colonies migrate vertically, rising to the surface at night.

Fun Fact: Dubbed “the unicorns of the sea,” Pyrosomes captivate with their rarity and glowing, magical bioluminescence!

127. Polynesian Tree Snail

The Polynesian Tree Snail (Partula spp.), part of the Partulidae family, is a small, air-breathing land snail endemic to Pacific islands like French Polynesia, the Cook Islands, and Samoa. It thrives in warm, humid tropical forests, often on tree trunks and leaves.

Measuring 0.4–1 inch (1–2.5 cm) long and weighing less than 0.1 ounces (2–3 g), these snails have conical shells in varying colors, including white, brown, green, or striped. Herbivorous, they use a radula (toothed tongue) to scrape algae, fungi, and decaying plant matter. Active at night and during humid conditions, Polynesian Tree Snails are hermaphroditic, reproducing year-round in tropical climates. Depending on the species, they lay eggs or give birth to live young, which are independent at hatching.

Fun Fact: Once vital to studies in evolution, Polynesian Tree Snails have declined sharply due to invasive predators like the rosy wolf snail, becoming a symbol of tropical conservation challenges.

FAQs

Which endangered animals start with P?

Several endangered animals start with the letter “P,” including the Pangolin, known as the world’s most trafficked mammal due to poaching and habitat loss; Pere David’s Deer, once extinct in the wild and now reintroduced but still endangered; Pygmy Three-Toed Sloth, a critically endangered species native to a small island in Panama; and Pygmy Hippopotamus, a vulnerable species threatened by habitat loss and hunting.

What are some African animals that start with P?

In Africa, animals that start with “P” include the Pangolin, a critically endangered mammal covered in keratin scales; the Porcupine, a common rodent known for its sharp quills; the Patas Monkey, a fast, ground-dwelling primate; and the Painted Dog, also called the African Wild Dog, which faces threats from habitat destruction and human conflict.

Which sea creatures start with P?

Some sea creatures that start with “P” are the Pacific Halibut, a large flatfish found in the North Pacific Ocean and not currently endangered; the Pufferfish, known for inflating its body and facing threats from pollution and habitat destruction; and the Portuguese Man O’ War, a colonial organism resembling a jellyfish, often found in warm ocean waters.

Which dinosaur starts with P?

A well-known dinosaur that starts with “P” is Parasaurolophus, a herbivorous dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous period, famous for its long, backward-curving crest used for communication and possibly thermoregulation.

What animal looks like an armadillo and starts with P?

The Pink Fairy Armadillo, a small and elusive species found in central Argentina, has a distinctive pink shell and is considered vulnerable due to its limited range and habitat loss.

If you’re searching for animal names starting with a different letter, explore our other comprehensive articles dedicated to animal names.

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animals that start with the letter S	animals starting with T	animals names start with U
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